textile wastewater contains substantial pollution loads in terms of chemical oxygen demand (cod), biological oxygen demand (bod), total suspended solids (tss), total dissolved solids (tds) and heavy metals. phytoremediation used for removing heavy metals and other pollutants by aquatic macrophytes treatment systems (amats) is well established environmental protective technique. a lab scale stud...

7 [1] We analyse the evolution of the fraction of water 8 surface (FWS), derived by SSM/I between 1988 and 2002 9 over the Western Siberia Lowland. This whole region 10 exhibits an increase in the amount of FWS that is in 11 agreement with the observed trends of the Ob river 12 discharge and precipitation. However, a similar increasing 13 trend is not found over the most important wetland area ...

water and nutrient absorption by plants is one of the most conspicuous factors which seriously affect plant productivity. improving physical properties of soilless media and their water retaining capacity can improve plant's nutrient absorption, growth and subsequent yield. in this study, we tried to improve plant nutrient absorption through incorporation of hydrogel into growth media and ...

In the present work the effect of Cu-Water nanofluid, as heat transfer fluid, on the performance of a parabolic solar collector was studied numerically. The temperature field, thermal efficiency, mean-outlet temperatures have been evaluated and compared for the conventional parabolic collectors and nanofluid based collectors. Further, the effect of various parameters such as fluid velocity, vol...

Of three different solvents (acetone, ethanol, and methanol) mixed with water and acetic acid, the acetone/water/acetic acid mixture (70:28:2, v/v) proved to be best for extracting dark-chocolate procyanidins. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-ESI) was further used to identify oligomers found in the extract. After HPLC fractio...

In the present work the effect of Cu-Water nanofluid, as heat transfer fluid, on the performance of a parabolic solar collector was studied numerically. The temperature field, thermal efficiency, mean-outlet temperatures have been evaluated and compared for the conventional parabolic collectors and nanofluid based collectors. Further, the effect of various parameters such as fluid velocity, vol...

Water 2H and 17O spin relaxation is used to study water dynamics in the hydration layers of two small peptides, two globular proteins and in living cells of two microorganisms. The dynamical heterogeneity of hydration water is characterized by performing relaxation measurements over a wide temperature range, extending deeply into the supercooled regime, or by covering a wide frequency range. Pr...

This paper presents a CFD modelling study of the bubble driven hydrodynamics in aluminium reduction cells. A time-averaged (steady state) bubble driven flow model has been developed using a full scale air-water model of part of an aluminium reduction cell as a test-bed. Simulated results have been compared with experimental data taken under similar conditions using Particle Image Velocimetry (P...

In the present research, the laminar forced convective heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics for Al2O3-water nanofluid flowing in different bend (i.e., 180o and 90o) pipes have been investigated numerically in a three-dimensional computational domain using the finite volume technique. The effects of different pertinent parameters, such as the Reynolds number of the duct, volume fraction ...

Jacob and Lopez (2009) presents modeling results to support the conclusion that the per capita water quality impacts of urban development decrease significantly with population density. If true, this conclusion would have important implications for land use planning throughout the world. However, as discussed below, the modeling is based on questionable assumptions that likely bias the conclusi...