What we understand today as being ‘modern science’ is in fact not that modern, but was born nearly half a millennium ago at the time of the Renaissance in Europe. But even if we think of great Renaissance thinkers, such as Galileo Galilei, Leonardo da Vinci or Sir Isaac Newton, as the first ‘true scientists’, we should not forget that all civilizations throughout history have produced and accum...

literature severely needs innovation and renewal to exit from weakness and inanition mood and there must be a strong connection between renewal and literal- cultural heritage. the renewal must prepare context to create new literal genres in addition to utilizing positive aspects of other cultures. so, this type of renewal is positive. hadith of isa ibn hisham, essay of mohammad al mavilhi is co...

the quality of environmental impact assessment (eia) findings, as a decision support system, has always been a function of the extent of its boundaries. meanwhile, boundaries of a study area can be delineated physically or non-physically according to the eia working units or methodologies. six case studies have been conducted to consider the study areas of variety of eias namely, visual, cumula...