The occurrence of galvanic corrosion on compound semiconductor substrates with exposed metal has been observed as deleterious device effects. Noble metals, e.g. gold, platinum, etc., in contact with exposed GaAs can induce undesired galvanic etching during wet process steps and result in surface irregularities that adversely affect yield. This phenomenon can occur when stripping photoresist usi...

   The use of plant extract in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can be an eco-friendly approach and have been suggested as a possible alternative to classic methods namely physical and chemical procedures. This study was designed to examine the structural chemistry of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using both conventional heating and microwave irradiation methods.To o...

the objectives of this experiment were to investigate the application of new ligands including different atoms & evaluation their nucleophile effects against various metals. chemistry researchers are really interested in this field. from among various ligands, there are some ligands with different coordinating ligands as well. there are great number of intermediate complexes and major eleme...

Spirooxindoles are important synthetic targets possessing extended biological activity and drug discovery applications.The development of multicomponent reactions designed to produce elaborate biologically active compounds has become an important area of research in organic, combinatorial, and medicinal chemistry. in this Manuscript, a facile and efficient multicomponent synthesis of functional...