The epidemiologic approach to causal inference (i.e., Hill's viewpoints) consists of evaluating potential causes from the following 2, noncumulative angles: 1) established results from comparative, observational, or experimental epidemiologic studies; and 2) reviews of nonepidemiologic evidence. It does not involve statements of statistical significance. The philosophical roots of Hill's viewpo...

Recent rapid growth of information environment such as the Internet makes it easy for us to get vast information. On the other hand, ainformation over ̄owo is becoming a serious problem. To cope with such a problem, we have extended the normal Vector Space Model (VSM) to re ̄ect the users' viewpoints more clearly. We call this new matching method the Fisheye Matching method, which generates the f...

there is disagreement among the imāmī jurisprudences concerning the legal status of contract containing illegitimate subject; although some maintain the soundness of such contract, most jurists believe in the invalidity and prohibition of acting on the illegitimate subject of the contract. among those maintaining the invalidity, some have accepted it as the primary rule and principle in these c...

A number of papers have been published on various issues relevant to System Dynamics (SD) Models of the Information Systems Investment Appraisal Process from several academic and professional viewpoints. The paper contends that there is a need to catalogue and classify this work in order to highlight potential areas of research in this field of study and to identify system archetypes at differe...

BACKGROUND Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a leading cause of permanent disability, currently affecting 20,000 Australian children. Community participation is essential for childhood development and enjoyment, yet children with ABI can often experience barriers to participation. The factors which act as barriers and facilitators to community participation for children with an ABI are not well un...