A novel super-twisting adaptive sliding mode control law is derived using Lyapunov function technique. The both drift uncertain term and multiplicative perturbation are assumed to be bounded with unknown boundaries. The proposed approach consists in using dynamically adapted control gains that ensure the establishment, in a finite time, of a real second order sliding mode. The efficacy of the p...

Topological quantum field theories containing matter fields are constructed by twisting N = 2 supersymmetric quantum field theories. It is shown that N = 2 chiral (antichiral) multiplets lead to topological sigma models while N = 2 twisted chiral (twisted antichiral) multiplets lead to Landau-Ginzburg type topological quantum field theories. In addition, topological gravity in two dimensions is...

We present a Monte Carlo molecular simulation method that calculates the helical twisting power of a chiral molecule by sampling intermolecular torques. The approach is applied to an achiral nematic liquid crystalline system, composed of Gay-Berne particles, that is doped with chiral molecules. Calculations are presented for six chiral dopant molecules and the results show a good correlation wi...

For effective colonic polypectomy, the polyp has to be positioned in the 5 ± 7− o clock position in the field of view. This has traditionally been achieved by chan− ging the patient s position or by twisting the shaft of the scope, or both [1]. How− ever, rotating a heavily sedated patient is not easy, and twisting the scope exerts a force on the shaft, the position of which has to be maintaine...

Case Description- A 20-day-old pigeon chick with left wing distal to the carpal joint into left flank presented to our avian medicine and surgery clinic. Clinical Findings-The bird had a mal-shaped wing structure, whereas the axial skeleton, thoracic and pelvic limbs skeleton were normal radiographically and clinically, excluding the left wing. The only clinical sign observed was recumbency. Tr...

The dynamics of a scroll wave in an excitable medium with gradient excitability is studied in detail. Three parameter regimes can be distinguished by the degree of gradient. For a small gradient, the system reaches a simple rotating synchronization. In this regime, the rigid rotating velocity of spiral waves is maximal in the layers with the highest filament twist. As the excitability gradient ...

We find the general solution to the twisting equation in the tensor bialgebra T (R) of an associative unital ring R viewed as that of fundamental representation for a universal enveloping Lie algebra and its quantum deformations. We suggest a procedure of constructing twisting cocycles belonging to a given quasitriangular subbialgebra H ⊂ T (R). This algorithm generalizes Reshetikhin’s approach...

We described the twisted interval above in terms of pure mathematics; yet twisting plays several roles in physics. First, one often encounters parallel transport about a closed trajectory. The physical role of twisting includes the fact that the condition (2) ensures that angular momentum zero is not allowed, 0 6∈ K. Hence twisting provides an infra-red regularization, which can be useful in th...

We investigate the dependence of spin squeezing on the polar angle of the initial coherent spin state |θ0, φ0〉 in a generalized one-axis twisting model, where the detuning δ is taken into account. We show explicitly that regardless of δ and φ0, previous results of the ideal one-axis twisting is recovered as long as θ0 = π/2. For a small departure of θ0 from π/2, however, the achievable variance...

Insect wings in flight typically deform under the combined aerodynamic force and wing inertia; whichever is dominant depends on the mass ratio defined as m = sh / fc , where sh is the surface density of the wing, f is the density of the air, and c is the characteristic length of the wing. To study the differences that the wing inertia makes in the aerodynamic performance of the deformable wing,...