The objective of this research was to investigate the body measurements female Arabian chickens during laying phase. study utilized a sample 95 chickens, aged 94 weeks, which were housed in battery cages and for egg production. Direct taken on each chicken, with variables including weight, head circumference, beak length, comb height, neck back wing chest width, depth, upper thigh lower shank d...

Insect wings are deformable structures that change shape passively and dynamically owing to inertial and aerodynamic forces during flight. It is still unclear how the three-dimensional and passive change of wing kinematics owing to inherent wing flexibility contributes to unsteady aerodynamics and energetics in insect flapping flight. Here, we perform a systematic fluid-structure interaction ba...

There is a 2.5-fold difference in male wing size between two haplodiploid insect species, Nasonia vitripennis and N. giraulti. The haploidy of males facilitated a full genomic screen for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting wing size and the detection of epistatic interactions. A QTL analysis of the interspecific wing-size difference revealed QTL with major effects and epistatic interactions...

Most hovering insects flap their wings in a horizontal plane (body having a large angle from the horizontal), called `normal hovering'. But some of the best hoverers, e.g. true hoverflies, hover with an inclined stroke plane (body being approximately horizontal). In the present paper, wing and body kinematics of four freely hovering true hoverflies were measured using three-dimensional high-spe...

The continuously expanding transport aviation sector has a significant impact on climate change, and measures must be taken to limit its environmental impact. study of advanced airframes, which may increase the lift-to-drag ratio structural efficiency, development innovative high-efficient powertrains, could way achieve air decarbonization. This paper explores this broad topic by proposing clas...

An aero-structural algorithm to optimize a flying wing in cruise conditions for preliminary design is developed using two-way interaction between the structure and aerodynamics. A particle swarm routine employed solve multi-objective optimization, aiming reduce weight of aerodynamic drag at point. Different shapes are evaluated during optimization process until reaches optimal aspect ratio, tap...

Many research studies have investigated the characteristics of bird flights as a source bioinspiration for design flapping-wing micro air vehicles. However, to best authors’ knowledge, no drone targeted exploitation aerodynamic benefits associated with avian group formation flight. Therefore, in this work, conceptual novel multi-flapping-wing that incorporates multiple pairs wings arranged V-sh...

this paper presented methods to determine the aerodynamic forces that acton an aircraft wing during flight. these methods are initially proposed for asimplified two degree-of-freedoms airfoil model and then are extensivelyapplied for a multi-degree-of-freedom airfoil system. different airspeedconditions are considered in establishing such methods. the accuracy of thepresented methods is verifie...

Synopsis We developed a numerical model for four-wing self-propulsion to calculate effectively the flight velocity generated with varied wing motions, which satisfactorily verified biological experiments. Through this model, we analyzed of damselfly (Matrona cyanoptera) at phases. The results show that after phase modulation wings, aerodynamic performance forewing (FW) is affected by incoming f...

Abstract Composite materials have become the approach to solve high stiffness and light weight of unmanned aerial vehicle structures. The wing had an extremely important influence on flight vehicle. optimal composite design aroused widespread attention since it enhanced aerodynamic performance vehicles. This article was intended optimize with advantages in performance. According parameters mili...