This study extends humor theory to explain puns originating from orthographic conversion in Japanese computermediated communication (CMC). Standard word-processing software converts Romanized input to appropriate orthographic output consisting of phono-graphic kana and ideographic kanji. Such software may produce an output often semantically incongruent with the intended output, which can be hu...

The existence of Balinese script, which nowadays has become part the people’s culture heritage, is significantly influential on value daily basis. script not merely a means for written language, but very vital function in maintaining, fostering, preserving, and developing overall culture. Over time, role more recent developments also penetrated creative industry sector through calligraphy. In r...

Abstract Written culture in high and late medieval Scandinavia is characterized by a long complex relationship between the Latin written tradition older native runic one. One product of intersection these traditions are several epigraphs where Latin, vernacular, alphabet, runes combined. The aim this paper to propose framework for analysing such bilingual biscriptal inscriptions which takes int...

MOTIVATION There is a frequent need to apply a large range of local or remote prediction and annotation tools to one or more sequences. We have created a tool able to dispatch one or more sequences to assorted services by defining a consistent XML format for data and annotations. RESULTS By analyzing annotation tools, we have determined that annotations can be described using one or more of t...

Handwritten character recognition is always a frontier area of research in the field of pattern recognition. There is a large demand for OCR on hand written documents in Image processing. Even though, sufficient studies have performed in foreign scripts like Arabic, Chinese and Japanese, only a very few work can be traced for handwritten character recognition mainly for the south Indian scripts...

We investigated the effects of a script-fading and discrimination-training procedure on mand variability in preschoolers with autism. Participants were taught to vary their vocal mands in the presence of written scripts, a green placemat, and a lag schedule of reinforcement. They were also taught to engage in repetitive mands in the presence of the same written scripts and a red placemat. When ...

Tajik Persian is a dialect of Persian spoken primarily in Tajikistan and written with a modified Cyrillic alphabet. Iranian Persian, or Farsi, as it is natively called, is the lingua franca of Iran and is written with the Persian alphabet, a modified Arabic script. Although the spoken versions of Tajik and Farsi are mutually intelligible to educated speakers of both languages, the difference be...

Handwritten Character Recognition (HCR) is one of the essential aspect in academic and production fields. The recognition system can be either online or offline. There is a large scope for character recognition on hand written papers. India is a multilingual and multi script country, where eighteen official scripts are accepted and have over hundred regional languages. Recognition of unconstrai...

Avestan’ is the name of the ritual language of Zoroastrianism, which was the state religion of the Iranian empire in Achaemenid, Arsacid and Sasanid times, covering a time span of more than 1200 years. It is named after the ‘Avesta’, i.e., the collection of holy scriptures that form the basis of the religion which was allegedly founded by Zarathushtra, also known as Zoroaster, by about the begi...