The family Pachylaelapidae Berlese, 1913 (Acari: Mesostigmata) includes a total of 16 valid and adequately described genera, namely Chaetodellus Mašán & Halliday, 2013, Elaphrolaelaps Berlese, 1910, Mirabulbus Liu & Ma, 2001, Neopachylaelaps Mašán, 2007, Olopachys Berlese, 1910, Onchodellus Berlese, 1904, Pachydellus Mašán, 2007, Pachyglobolaelaps Mašán, new genus, Pachylaelaps Berlese, 1888, P...

Association of phytoplasma with quick decline of macadamia trees in Hawaii was reevaluated. Twenty samples were collected from symptomatic and symptomless trees of the two susceptible cultivars cv. 333, and cv. 344 grown at Keaau and Kaiwiki on the island of Hawaii. Ultrasensitive nested-PCR assays using two universal primer pairs failed to detect phytoplasmas in all samples tested, contradicti...

Many compounds produced by fungi have relevant pharmaceutical applications. The purpose of this study was to collect and isolate endophytic fungi from different regions of Panama and then to test their potential therapeutic activities against Leishmania donovani, Plasmodium falciparum, and Trypanosoma cruzi as well as their anticancer activities in MCF-7 cells. Of the 25 fungal isolates obtaine...

Two new cyclic pentapeptides (1 and 2) and the known blazein (3), ganodesterone (4), ergosterin (5), cerevisterol (6), 24-methylcholesta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (7), 5,8-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3-ol (8), 16-α-d-mannopyranosyloxyisopimar-7-en-19-oic acid (9), and 16-hydroxy isopimar-7-en-19-oic acid (10) have been isolated from the crude extract of an endolichenic Xylaria sp. The structures...

Xylaria nigripes ( XN) is a medicinal fungus that was used traditionally as a diuretic, nerve tonic, and for treating insomnia and trauma. In this study, we elucidated possible mechanisms of neuroprotective effects of XN mycelia extracts. XN mycelia were produced by fermentation. Hot water extract and 70% ethanol extract of XN mycelia were evaluated on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis...

Twenty-one fungal species were screened for capability of removing pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene in culture. Xylaria regalis was found to show the highest activity. An PAHs-degrading enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the culture mycelium of X. regalis. The crude enzyme was subjected to a series of purification procedures, including QAE Sephadex A-25 anion exchange column, hydrophobic interact...

In the present study fungi collections were sampled in the Sangay (SP) and Llanganates (LP) National Parks, from which sequences of the regions of the internal transcribable spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA were obtained (RDNA). The taxonomic identification of fungi of the order Xylariales was achieved with the bioinformatic tools, to further study the phylogenetic relationships amo...