The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of ß-alanine (a glycine agonist), on learning and memory in mice. ß-alanine (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg i.p.) was administered for 6 successive days, to young (3 months old) and aged-mice (16 months old). The learning and memory parameters were assessed, using elevated plus-maze and passive-avoidance apparatus. The effect of ß-alanine (20 ...

Mean maximal motor unit firing rates (MUFRs) of the human soleus are lower (5-20 Hz) than other limb muscles (20-50 Hz) during brief sustained contractions. With healthy adult aging, maximal MUFRs are 20-40% lower and twitch contractile speed of lower limb muscles are 10-40% slower compared with young adults. However, it is unknown whether the inherently low maximal MUFRs for the soleus are fur...

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of lower body positive pressure (LBPP) on cardiovascular responses during a 15-min walking trial in young (22.1+/-0.4 years) and elderly women (67.8+/-1.1 years). The application of 20 mm Hg LBPP reduced ground reaction forces by 31.2+/-0.5 kgw in both groups. We hypothesized that cardiovascular responses to LBPP during walking were different...

Using data from a panel of 459 women, we find that early parents (< 20 years old at first birth) report higher levels of depressive symptoms in young adulthood (roughly age 29) compared to later parents (first birth in their 20's) or nonparents. Early parenting is also associated with more stressors and fewer resources in young adulthood. As young adults, early parents have lower educational at...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to achieve a specific cephalometric pattern for young Afro-Caucasian Brazilian individuals and verify the presence of dimorphism between sexes. Methods: The sample was composed of 40 lateral cephalograms of young Afro-Caucasian Brazilian individuals (mulattos), 20 males (mean age 13.25 years) and 20 females (mean age 13.10 years), with normal occlusion a...

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The 4-H Mentoring: Youth and Families with Promise program is a school, family, and community partnership designed to enhance the strengths of at-risk youth. Youth with below-average school performance, poor social skills, and/or weak family bonds are targeted. Participants are engaged by caring adults in three structurally different settings; youth are matched with a young adult mentor, enroll...

INTRODUCTION According to Joint National Committee-7 (JNC-7) guidelines, a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120 to 139 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80 to 89 mm Hg is considered as pre-hypertension. Existing evidence suggest that the cardiovascular morbidities are increasing among pre-hypertensive individuals compared to normal. OBJECTIVE To assess the magnitude and factors a...