ASL, however, likely takes a young child at least several years to master. Finally, the movement parameter of signs typically is initially produced by young children with intermediate accuracy. Some sign movements, such as making contact with one’s body or moving one’s hand back and forth, are produced accurately by very young signers. Other movements, or combinations of movements, may require ...

Self-directed learning (SDL) was developed initially for adult learning. Guglielmino constructed a scale to measure SDL. Recent researchers have applied this concept to children. Although there are sufficient theoretical evidences to present the possibility of applying this concept to children, empirical evidences were not provided. This study aimed to examine the quality of SDL and construct a...

Intimate partner violence (IPV) places infants and young children at risk for development of trauma symptoms. However, this is an understudied consequence of IPV because young children pose particular difficulties for assessment of trauma symptoms. The authors collected maternal reports on mothers' and children's posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and IPV yearly, from ages 1 to 7. Ap...

The Young Children's Empathy Measure is a brief measure of young children's cognitive and affective perspective taking developed to assess preschool children's empathy. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of internal reliability for the empathy score was acceptable and interrater reliability across four rates was very high. The children's empathy scores were correlated with their ages and social dev...

This paper examines the process of categorization in young children, and tests predictions derived from a model of young children’s similarity judgment. The model suggests that linguistic labels might have greater contribution to similarity judgment for younger children than do other attributes. It is argued that because categorization is based on similarity, the model predicting similarity jud...

Poisoning is the fifth leading cause of unintentional injuries among young children. Agents most commonly ingested by young children include medicines, cleaning substances, hydrocarbons, pesticides and cosmetics. Children with less educated fathers, living in more crowded conditions and from lower income families are more predisposed to unintentional poisoning. Unsafe storage of medicines, chem...

The National Survey of SSI Children and Families (NSCF) is the first nationally representative survey since 1978 of noninstitutionalized children and young adults who currently receive or formerly received Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Over 8,500 interviews were completed between July 2001 and June 2002. The primary objective of the NSCF is to provide data to support research and policy e...

Despite improvements in socio-economic status and the standard of health care services, rheumatic fever continuous to occur in Saudi Arabia, although with decreasing frequency. The disease is most commonly observed in school-aged children, but can also occur in a younger age group. Carditis and arthritis are the major clinical symptoms on presentation of acute rheumatic fever in young children....

In this research, we examine how young children perform induction in the domain of biology. According to the essentialist view, even young children have a priori knowledge that some predictors of biological properties are central, whereas others are peripheral. According to the flexible-learning view, the roles of predictors are not fixed, and young children flexibly learn the predictive value ...

Young persons or offenders are persons who were less than 18 years old when they committed the alleged offence. In terms of criminal responsibility, juveniles are further classified according to age brackets as follows: (i) Children below the age of 7 years are not criminally responsible for their acts or omissions; (ii) Children between the ages of 7 and 12 years are only liable for their crim...