An efficient selection system and Agrobacterium mediated transformation for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cotyledonary nodes were investigated. Effect of selective agents and antibiotics on multiple shoot and root induction of cotyledonary nodes and effects of mechanical injury and vacuum infiltration on transformation efficiency were evaluated. Selective agents and antibiotics were applied to ...

The surveillance of Device associated infections in ICUs can reduce incidence of Nosocomial infections (NIs), healthcare cost & a better control of infections. Aims & Objectives: To know the occurrence of device associated infection rate in ICU and to know the bacterial profile of various devices associated infections. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between October 2011 to May ...

β-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics, consisting of all antibiotic agents that contain a β-lactam nucleus in its molecular structure. Till now β-lactams like penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems have been developed. Resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics among target pathogens were started with its first use.The most widespread and important cause is th...

Metallo-β-lactamases are native zinc enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of β-lactam antibiotics, but are also able to function with cobalt(II) and require one or two metal-ions for catalytic activity. The hydrolysis of cefoxitin, cephaloridine and benzylpenicillin catalysed by CoBcII (cobalt-substituted βlactamase from Bacillus cereus) has been studied at different pHs and metal-ion concentra...

The development of resistance to multiple antibiotics and control of disease transmission by MRSA isolates in hospitals/communities have been recognized as the major challenges as the bacterial population that expresses the resistance phenotype varies according to the environmental conditions. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of MRSA strain and to investigate the in vitro ant...

The present study was conducted to gain an insight into drug resistance and virulence factors in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. This study was carried out on 150 Escherichia coli isolated from extraintestinal infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed by pheno...

The detection of Virulence factors of Aeromonas spp. is a key component in determining potential pathogenicity because these factors act Multifuntionally and Multifactorially. In this study, totally 50 carp fish samples were collected, Among these, 8 samples were found to be positive for Aeromonas hydrophila and 13 were found to be positive for Aeromonas salmonicida. Antibiotic resistant patter...

Introduction: Bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has risen dramatically, with extended spectrum βlactamase (ESBL) contributing to this increase. Early identification of ESBL production is becoming increasingly important. Methodology: A total of 367 consecutive, urine samples from patients suspected to have UTI, were processed. All Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species isolated in si...

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are common in intensive care units (ICUs) and in the medical patients. In the United States approximately 250.000 cases of bloodstream infections (BSIs) reported annually, associated with increase in longer hospital stay, costs and mortality. Primary bacteremia without local infection elsewhere, Including intravascular catheter sources ac...

Introduction: Since the beginning of the modern chemotherapeutic era, the treatment of gonorrhea has been dogged by the shifting antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Though penicillins have been recommended for treatment of gonorrhoeae, there have been reports of treatment failure with penicillins. In this study, we report the emergence of penicillin resistance N. gonorrhoeae ...