201 One cannot meaningfully evaluate solar geoengineering without a scenario for its implementation. It is now common, for example, to assert that more scientific research is needed to assess the balance between the risks and benefits of solar geoengineering, hereafter called solar radiation management (SRM). Yet the balance between risks and benefits depends at least as strongly on how SRM is ...

If implementation of proposals to engineer the climate through solar-radiation management (SRM) ever occurs, it is likely to be contingent on climate sensitivity. However, modelling studies examining the effectiveness of SRM as a strategy to offset anthropogenic climate change have used only the standard parameterizations of atmosphere–ocean general circulation models that yield climate sensiti...

Two new species of Stenochironomus Kieffer, 1919 are described in Brazil. New records of Stenochironomus nudipupa Borkent, 1984 and S. gladius Borkent, 1984 from Brazil, new data on geographical distribution of S. jubatus Borkent, 1984 and S. triannulatus Borkent, 1984 from the State of Roraima, and S. bacrionis Borkent, 1984 recorded from the State of Amazonas, as well as emended descriptions ...

Biochemical reactors (BCRs) based on the stimulation of sulphate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) are emerging semi-passive remediation technologies for treatment of mine-influenced water. Their successful removal of metals and sulphate has been proven at the pilot-scale, but little is known about the types of SRM that grow in these systems and whether they are diverse or restricted to particular ...

This work describes the main consideration in the design of power converter for a SRM drive with the particular attention to the choice of converter topology, and to study and develop the static and dynamic characteristics of the prototype model of SRM using FEA software (MagNet 6. 22). To simulate the power converter switching circuit for prototype model of SRM using MATLAB/Simulink 7. 8. 0. I...

The paper examines the prospects of a normative approach to institutional design for systematically introducing the concept of legitimacy to the debate on how to internationally regulate research on and possible applications of geoengineering with solar radiation management (SRM). Given the high desirability of international regulation of SRM resulting from its strong transboundary and regional...

One new species of Riethia Kieffer, Riethia manauara n. sp., is described and figured as male, pupa and larva. The generic diagnosis for pupae and larvae are emended. The specimens were collected from water systems in the Amazon Rainforest in northern Brazil.