V-ATPase is involved in the acidification of the microenvironment around/in solid tumors, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). V-ATPase is thought to induce tumor invasion and multi-drug resistance in several malignant tumors, and it also contributes to maintaining the intracellular pH under an acidic microenvironment by inducing proton extrusion into the extracellular medium. However, ...

The covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) is one of the most powerful evolutionary algorithms for real-valued single-objective optimization. Here a variant of the CMA-ES for multi-objective optimization (MOO) is developed. First a single-objective, elitist CMA-ES using plus-selection and step size control based on a success rule is introduced. This algorithm is compared to th...

Blind equalization is a technique for adaptive equalization of a communication channel without the use of training sequence. Although the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is one of the most popular adaptive blind equalization algorithms, because of using fixed step size it suffers from slow convergence rate. A novel enhanced variable step size CMA algorithm (VSS-CMA) based on autocorrelation of...

The recently introduced concurrent constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and decision-directed (DD) scheme provides a state-of-the-art low-complexity blind equalisation technique for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channels. At a small cost of slightly more than doubling the complexity of the standard CMA blind equaliser, this concurrent CMA and DD blind equaliser achieves a dramati...

Colicin M (Cma) lyses Escherichia coli cells by inhibiting murein biosynthesis through hydrolysis of the phosphate ester between C(55)-polyisoprenol and N-acetylmuramyl (MurNAc)-pentapeptide-GlcNAc in the periplasm. To identify Cma functional domains, we isolated 54 point mutants and small deletion mutants and examined their cytotoxicity levels. Activity and uptake mutants were distinguished by...

The paper investigates blind finite-impulse-response (FIR) equalization schemes for quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signalling. We compare a bootstrap maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equalizer with a recently introduced concurrent constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and decision directed (DD) equalizer (CMA+DD). Both equalizers are known to outperform the CMA considerably. The concurr...

The J-aggregation of Cyanine-1dye in the presence of carboxymethyl amylose (CMA) is described. The J-aggregation requires a large excess CMA concentration; the J-band maximum appears in the concentration range, [CMA]/[dye] = 10-50, depending on the degree of substitution (DS) of carboxylation, where [CMA] is the concentration of polymer repeat units. An extraordinarily large induced circular di...