OBJECTIVE To investigate the involvement of Tie-1 and Tie-2, receptor tyrosine kinases required for angiogenesis, in synovial proliferation and angiogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Synovial tissues from 10 patients with RA and three control subjects were analysed by double immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Expression of ...

Consensus does not exist on the level of arterial ligation in rectal cancer surgery. From oncologic considerations, many surgeons apply high tie arterial ligation (level of inferior mesenteric artery). Other strategies include ligation at the level of the superior rectal artery, just caudally to the origin of the left colic artery (low tie), and ligation at a level without any intraoperative de...

Long’s Interactional Input Hypothesis and Smith’s Input Enhancement Hypothesis hold both foci on Zellig Harris's (1976) formalist approach. Accordingly, the pivotal role of learner’s attention as one of the subcomponents of focus-on-form approach may have confused instruction types. However, whether such learning theories on drawing learners' attention on target language forms suit all types of...

A tie is a link between two persons in a social network. Here, we analyze tie strength in temporal co-authorship social networks by measuring ties persistence and transformation over time. Surprisingly, most ties tend to perish over time. Also, weak and random ties are more present in real co-authorship networks than bridges and strong ones.

Arguably, release of tongue tie is the oldest surgical procedure and it is perhaps older than circumcision. According to the Old Testament, the Lord released the tied tongue of Moses and made him speak well [1]. Tongue-tie is pedantically known as ankyloglossia inferior minor. Simplicity of its treatment has earned this malady several etiological attributions such as difficulty of speech and br...

The nose is a common site for basal and squamous cell carcinomas. Surgical excision can leave a defect that is appropriate for reconstruction with full thickness skin grafting. Tie-over dressings have gained popularity in this setting. We propose that steri-strips alone provide the necessary support to facilitate excellent graft take.