Literature regarding the biochemistry of aluminum and eight similar ions is reviewed. Close and hitherto unknown similarities were found. A hypothetical model is presented for the metabolism, based on documented direct observations of Al3+ and analogies from other ions. Main characteristics are low intestinal absorption, rapid urinary excretion, and slow tissue uptake, mostly in skeleton and re...

To study the mechanism of aluminium toxicity in plant cells, the effects of aluminium on the electrogenesis of plasma membrane were investigated. We analyzed Al3+ induced membrane potential (Em) changes and potential changes during generation of the action potential (AP) in the internodal cells of Nitellopsis obtusa. Al3+ modified Em decrease significantly. Al3+ didn’t attenuate the amplitude o...

We investigate theoretically the site occupancy of Al3+ in the fast-ion-conducting cubic-garnet Li7-3x Al3+x La3Zr2O12 (Ia-3d) using density functional theory. By comparing calculated and measured 27Al NMR chemical shifts an analysis shows that Al3+ prefers the tetrahedrally coordinated 24d site and a distorted 4-fold coordinated 96h site. The site energies for Al3+ ions, which are slightly dis...

A simple Schiff-base receptor 2 was prepared. It exhibits an “off-on-type” mode with high sensitivity in the presence of Al3+. The receptor 2 exhibited a high association constant with submicromolar detection for Al3+ in EtOH–H2O (95:5 v/v) solution. The addition of EDTA quenches the fluorescence of the receptor 2·Al3+ complex offering receptor 2 as a reversible chemosensor.

A simple green route has been developed for the synthesis of casein peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in which casein peptide acts as a reducing as well as the stabilizing agent. In this report, AuNPs have been characterized on the basis of spectroscopic and microscopic results; which showed selective and sensitive response toward Al3+ in aqueous media, and Al3+ induces aggrega...

The influences of eight metal ions (i.e., Na+, Ca2+, Ag+, Co2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Zn2+, and Mn4+) on mycelia growth and palmarumycins C(12) and C(13) production in liquid culture of the endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 were investigated. Three metal ions, Ca2+, Cu2+ and Al3+ were exhibited as the most effective to enhance mycelia growth and palmarumycin production. When calcium ion (Ca2+) was...

2 Institute for Biomedical Research, Kaunas University of Medicine, Eivenių 4, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania The object of the study was to evaluate the effect of aluminum ions (Al3+) on activity of tRNALeu and leucyl-tRNA synthetase from mouse liver in vivo and in vitro. Experiments were done on white laboratory mice using intraperitoneal injections of 0.5 LD50 AlCl3 solution (25 mg Al 3+/kg body...

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency-associated transcript (LAT) is abundantly expressed in latently infected sensory neurons. In small animal models of infection, expression of the first 1.5 kb of LAT coding sequences is necessary and sufficient for wild-type reactivation from latency. The ability of LAT to inhibit apoptosis is important for reactivation from latency. Within the fir...

A recent proposal (Clin Chem 1992;38:1809-18) that inorganic phosphate is the predominant small molecule binding Al3+ in blood serum is shown to be incorrect. Experiments in which Al3+ is added to solutions containing phosphate and citrate in the same proportions as in serum clearly show that citrate prevents formation of any aluminum phosphate precipitate, and analysis of these data indicates ...