Taken orally, the drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been shown to improve functional outcomes for patients with MS; however, it is unclear how DMF mediates a protective effect. DMF and, more so, its active metabolite, monomethyl fumarate, are known agonists of the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA₂), a G protein-coupled membrane receptor. Here, we evaluated the contribution of HCA₂ in media...

BACKGROUND Fingolimod (FTY) and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) are multiple sclerosis (MS) oral therapies that became available in 2010 and 2013, respectively. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to compare discontinuation rates, efficacy, and adverse events (AEs) of FTY and DMF over two years. METHODS Patients prescribed FTY or DMF at the Rocky Mountain MS Center at University of Colorado ...

AIM To investigate the hypothesis that treatment with dimethyl fumarate (DMF) may ameliorate liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). METHODS Rats were divided into 3 groups: sham, control (CTL), and DMF. DMF (25 mg/kg, twice/d) was orally administered for 2 d before the procedure. The CTL and DMF rats were subjected to ischemia for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h. The serum alanine aminotransfe...

Five new rare earth complexes with a new flexible tripodal salicylic ligand (H(3)L), 2,2'-(2-((2-carboxyphenoxy)methyl)-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonamido)propane-1,3-diyl)bis(oxy)dibenzoic acid, of formulae [La(2)L(2)(DMF)(4)]·4DMF·4EtOH·2H(2)O (1), [Eu(2)L(2)(DMF)(4)]·2DMF (2), {[GdL(DMF)(H(2)O)(2)]·DMF}(∞) (3), {[TbL(DMF)(H(2)O)(2)]·DMF}(∞) (4) and {[YL(DMF)(H(2)O)(2)]·DMF}(∞) (5) (DMF = N,N-dimet...

Dedicated to Professor Heinrich Nöth on the occasion of his 85th birthday Recrystallization of silver pentacyanocyclopentadienide Ag[C5(CN)5] from N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) gives the polymeric 1 : 1 complex [Ag{C5(CN)5}(DMF)] (1). The Ag+ cation is coordinated by three N atoms of three different [C5(CN)5] anions and two O atoms of two DMF molecules. Each [C5(CN)5] is coordinated via three nei...

N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has been widely used as an organic solvent in industries. DMF is a potential medication. However, the antitumorigenic role of DMF in breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we examined dose-dependent effects of DMF on proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer MCF-7 and nontumorous MCF-12A cells. We found that DMF had a growth inhibitory effect in MCF-12A cells in a d...

BACKGROUND Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been identified as being responsible for an outbreak of shoe contact dermatitis in Europe. All reported cases to date have involved the dorsa of the toes and the dorsa of the feet, sometimes in association with other areas. OBJECTIVES To establish a correlation between the site of the lesions and the concentration of DMF in different parts of the footwea...

CXCL10 stimulates mast cell infiltration into airway smooth muscle bundles and, thus, activate cytokine secretion and airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) proliferation. Dimethylfumarate (DMF) reduces cytokine secretion by lymphocytes and ASMC proliferation through haem oxygenase (HO)-1. Therefore, we investigated the potency of DMF to inhibit tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α- and interferon (IFN)-γ-...