This study evaluated the sensitivity of maximum likelihood (ML)-, generalized least squares (GLS)-, and asymptotic distribution-free (ADF)-based fit indices to model misspecification, under conditions that varied sample size and distribution. The effect of violating assumptions of asymptotic robustness theory also was examined. Standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR) was the most sensitiv...

BACKGROUND In Western European countries, the prevalence of depressive symptoms is higher among ethnic minority groups, compared to the host population. We explored whether these inequalities reflect variance in the way depressive symptoms are measured, by investigating whether items of the PHQ-9 measure the same underlying construct in six ethnic groups in the Netherlands. METHODS A total of...

BACKGROUND The dimensional structure, effective number of item responses and item redundancies are controversial features of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) requiring more light. The aims of the present study are to revisit the dimensional structure and propose a shorter version of the instrument. METHODS The sample comprised 652 elderly and their info...

OBJECTIVE: This study involves the initial validation of the Short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) in Italy. A total of 109 Axis II patients and 241 controls participated in the study. METHOD: Confirmatory factor analysis on SMI data to evaluate a measurement model of 14 factors using LISREL 8.80 was performed. Assessment of fit was based on CFI, NNFI, SRMR, RMSEA and Chi-square/df ratio. Reliabili...

This study examined whether the three categories often applied to children's behavior-aggressive, avoidant, and assertive-actually capture the structure of a naturalistic sample of youth behavior coded at a more micro level. A sample of lower-income youth (N = 392; M age = 12.69, SD = 0.95) completed a new multiple-choice measure asking them to select responses to scenarios depicting physical, ...

OBJECTIVE Royall and colleagues identified a latent dementia phenotype, "δ", reflecting the "cognitive correlates of functional status." We sought to cross-validate and extend these findings in a large clinical case series of adults with and without dementia. METHOD A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model for δ was fit to National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data (n = 26,068). Factor s...

This article is an empirical evaluation of the choice of fixed cutoff points in assessing the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) test statistic as a measure of goodness-of-fit in Structural Equation Models. Using simulation data, the authors first examine whether there is any empirical evidence for the use of a universal cutoff, and then compare the practice of using the point esti...