Three polyphosphates were used as inhibitors for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) photodegradation. The polyphosphates were added to PVC at a concentration of 0.5% by weight. The PVC films (40 µm thickness) were irradiated at room temperature with ultraviolet (UV) light for up to 300 h. The changes in PVC films after irradiation were monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, weight loss, ...

Poly(vinyl chloride) resins are produced by four basic processes: suspension, emulsion, bulk and solution polymerization. PVC suspensions resins are usually relatively dust-free and granular with varying degrees of particle porosity. PVC emulsion resins are small particle powders containing very little free monomer. Bulk PVC resins are similar to suspension PVC resins, though the particles tend...

The ZnO sol well-crystallized was prepared by the sol-gel method. The ZnO films were coated on medical-grade PVC surface by the improved organic-inorganic interfacial adhesion method. The physical and photocatalytic properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, DRS spectra and measured by the photodegradation reaction of Rhodamine B (RhB) and anti-bacteria for Escherichia coli (E. c...

A study was carried out to characterize Ni-Co-PVC and Ni-Cu-PVC composite materials prepared by mechanical alloying technique (MAT) using SEM, EDS and electrochemical test. Composite materials were prepared by mixing together 95% of metal powder (Ni+Co or Ni+Cu) with 5% PVC. PVC was used as a binder and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as a solvent in composite material preparation. Based on the ...

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a complex plastic system. Individual components of the PVC system, including residual vinyl chloride monomer (RVCM) and certain additives, may pose risks of harm to human health. There have been significant reductions in the RVCM content of PVC resin since 1974, reducing the cancer risk of workers in PVC fabrication plants and consumers of PVC products. A "no-effec...

The aim of this study was to validate in vivo the accuracy of a reconstruction-based partial volume correction (PVC), which takes into account the point spread function of the imaging system. The NEMA NU2 Image Quality phantom and five healthy volunteers (using [(11)C]flumazenil) were scanned on both HR+ and high-resolution research tomograph (HRRT) scanners. HR+ data were reconstructed using n...

Despite all the technical and economic problems and the public discussions on the environmental dangers and hazards of chlorine chemistry, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is the second most produced plastic (with a worldwide capacity of about 31 million tons), placing after polyolefins and before styrene polymers. Presently, PVC production worldwide is growing at a rate of more than 4% per year. The...

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used chemical for production of plastics. However occupational asthma (OA) caused by PVC has been reported only rarely. We report a 34-yr-old male wallpaper factory worker with OA due to PVC and nickel (Ni) whose job was mixing PVC with plasticizers. He visited the emergency room due to an asthma attack with moderate airflow obstruction and markedly increase...

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is made by polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer and is a plastic that softens on heating. The addition of a small amount (<5%) of plasticizer produces a hard PVC, whereas the addition of 30 to 50% plasticizer results in a soft PVC. Soft PVC is used to make several products, including chemical shoes, cables, gloves, hoses, and film. The principal component of PVC hose is ...