"For the respect his works have commanded of musicians, and the popularity they have enjoyed among wider audiences, he is probably the most admired composer in the history of Western music." With this appraisal the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, published in 1980, begins its magisterial article on Beethoven. More than a decade later one might not apply this statement to the Teuton...

MicroRNAs of the miR-302 cluster are involved in early embryonic development and somatic cell reprogramming. Expression of the miR-302 gene is regulated by the binding of the pluripotency factors Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog to the miR-302 promoter. The specific expression pattern of the miR-302 gene suggested that additional transcription factors might be involved in its regulation. Here, we show that...

MicroRNAs play important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and their expression influences cardiomyocyte apoptosis resulting from ischemia-induced myocardial infarction. Here, we determined the role of miR expression in cardiomyocyte apoptosis during hypoxia and reoxygenation. The rat cardiomyocyte cell line H9c2 was incubated for 3 h in normal or hypoxia medium, foll...

Since only the right-hand side is different in each of these systems, we need only compute the LU decomposition of A once, which requires 2n3/3 operations. For simplicity, we assume that pivoting is not required, and note that the case where pivoting is required can be handled in a similar fashion. Given the LU decomposition, we compute A−1 by solving the systems Lyj = ej and Uxj = yj for j = 1...

إن هذا البحث هو محاولة لبیان دور مجموعة من أعلام الموصل الذین ورد ذکر تراجمهم فی کتاب (المختصر المحتاج إلیه تاریخ ابن الدُّبَیْثِیّ) للذهبی (ت 748هـ/1348م) فیما یخص رحلاتهم العلمیة إلى بغداد المدة المحصورة ما بین القرنین (السادس والسابع للهجرة/الثانی عشر والثالث للمیلاد)، وأما الغرض الأساسی لرحلتهم فهو للدراسة على شیوخ هذه المدینة وسماع المصنفات مؤلفیها، ولشهرة هؤلاء الأعلام فقد تولى بعضهم وظائف مهمة...