We examined how the ginseng extract (GE) acts on the antinociceptive effect induced by footshock (FS)-, psychological (PSY)- and forced swimming (SW)-stress (stress-induced analgesia, SIA), and also on the suppression by FS- and PSY-stress of the development of tolerance to morphine in mice. Neither an acute treatment nor 5 daily pretreatments with GE at 100 mg/kg, p.o. affected each SIA. Pretr...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Higher fibre intakes are associated with risk reduction for chronic diseases. However, many people find difficulty in consuming sufficient fibre through their diet. Supplements may be an effective alternative. We aimed to investigate the effects of PolyGlycopleX® (PGX®), a proprietary polysaccharide complex and a proprietary Psyllium product (PgxSyl™) (PSY) on diet, body w...

Psychovisual rate-distortion optimization (Psy-RD) has been used in the industrial video coding practice as a tool to improve perceptual video quality. It has earned significant popularity through the wide spread of the open source x264 video encoders, where the Psy-RD option is employed by default. Nevertheless, little work has been dedicated to validate the impact of Psy-RD optimization on pe...

Phytoene synthase (PSY) is one of the key regulatory enzyme on the biosynthesis and accumulation of carotenoid in citrus fruits. The transcriptional diversity of PSY is mainly attributed to the structural variation in promoter region among PSY alleles. In aim to clarify how this transcriptional diversity is regulated among them, PSY alleles responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis in the fruits ...

Phytoene synthase (PSY) has been shown to catalyze the first committed and rate-limiting step of carotenogenesis in several crop species, including Brassica napus L. Due to its pivotal role, PSY has been a prime target for breeding and metabolic engineering the carotenoid content of seeds, tubers, fruits and flowers. In Arabidopsis thaliana, PSY is encoded by a single copy gene but small PSY ge...

Higher fibre intakes are associated with risk reduction for chronic diseases. This study investigated the effects of supplementation with PolyGlycopleX® (PGX), a complexed polysaccharide, on insulin, glucose and lipids in overweight and obese individuals. In this double-blind 12 months study, participants were randomised into three groups: control (rice flour); PGX or psyllium (PSY). Participan...

Phytoene synthase (PSY) regulates the first committed step of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in plants. The present work reports identification and characterization of the three PSY genes (TaPSY1, TaPSY2 and TaPSY3) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The TaPSY1, TaPSY2, and TaPSY3 genes consisted of three homoeologs on the long arm of group 7 chromosome (7L), short arm of group 5 chromosome ...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of stress on allergic reaction. We studied changes in the contact hypersensitivity reaction (CHR) of mice exposed to foot shock (FS) stress or psychological (PSY) stress induced by the communication box. CHR was elicited by applying antigen (2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, DNFB) to the ear of the mice at 4 days after DNFB sensitization. ...