background and aims: hemagglutinin (ha) protein of avian influenza (ai) plays an essential role in the virus pathogenicity. ai h9n2 subtype causes significant economic loss in broiler and layer in poultry farms in iran. ai viruses have a great involvement in evolutionary changes at nucleotide and amino acid levels and vaccines could induce faster rates of such changes. up-dated understanding of...

the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a 578 bp fragment of the poxvirus 4b core protein. avipoxvirus (apv) specific dna was detected in all 10 different isolates (each of which had been isolated from an epidemic) isolated from chicken; canary and mynah were collected from tehran province. sequencing was performed for 2 isolates as representative and the nucleotide sequence sho...

Avian influenza is one of the most important diseases in avian industry, which also threats human population. Thus, vaccination is necessary for controlling this viral disease. In this study, killed vaccine of avian influenza subtype H9N2 and formalin solution (for virus inactivation) were used. It is necessary to study the effect of different factors such as formalin concentration, as well as ...

Hawkes, V. C., N. Hentze and T. G. Gerwing. 2021. Trends in avian use of reclaimed boreal forest habitat Canada's oil sands. Avian Conservation Ecology 16(2):5. https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-01915-160205

Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae are the causative agents of avian mycoplasmosis in commercial poultry. Among the available tools, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture are confirmatory tools for the diagnosis of mycoplasmosis after the initial serological screening of suspected birds. Overall, 181 samples were analyzed, 152 (84%) and 103 (57%) of which were found positive...

Fernández-Gómez, L., A. Cortés-Avizanda, P. Tiago, F. Byrne, and J. Antonio Donázar. 2022. Food subsidies shape age structure in a top avian scavenger. Avian Conservation Ecology 17(1):23. https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-02104-170123

influenza a viruses possesses two virion surface glycoproteins including haemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). the na plays an important role in viral replication and promotes virus release from infected cells and facilitates virus spread throughout the body. to find out any genomic changes that might be occurred on na gene of avian influenza circulating viruses, we have genetically analy...

avian influenza is one of the most important diseases in avian industry, which also threats human population. thus, vaccination is necessary for controlling this viral disease. in this study, killed vaccine of avian influenza subtype h9n2 and formalin solution (for virus inactivation) were used. it is necessary to study the effect of different factors such as formalin concentration, as well as ...

This study was conducted to molecularly detect avian adenoviruses in broiler flocks showing liver lesions and respiratory syndrome in northeast Iran. In total, 60 tissue samples were collected from broiler farms with liver lesions, respiratory syndrome and also from clinically healthy flocks. Six samples were positive; however, three samples were selected for molecular studies. PCR products wer...