The objective of this study was to locate the position of attached or entrapped Salmonella cells in poultry skin. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to obtain optical sections of intact poultry skin without artefacts associated with dehydration and other sample preparation techniques. A technique was developed to prevent compression of the poultry skin during CSLM operation. Ima...

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) has advantages over conven tional light microscopy and electron microscopy. In particular the possibility to perform optical section ing, allowing the disturbance free observation of the three-dimensional internal structure, offers new possibilities in microstructural studies of food sys tems. The technique is further considered to be very valuable in t...

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of biofilm on the vocal fold epithelium of patients with chronic laryngitis. Bacteria can grow in biofilm protected by a glycoprotein mass. Recent studies have shown the importance of biofilm in chronic otolaryngologic infections. Because chronic laryngitis is often recurrent and occasionally purulent, we hypothesized that it is biofilm related. DESIGN Pro...

The microstructure of protein networks in yogurts defines important physical properties of the yogurt and hereby partly its quality. Imaging this protein network using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) has shown good results, and CSLM has become a standard measuring technique for fermented dairy products. When studying such networks, hundreds of images can be obtained, and here image an...

3D Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy to Quantify Contact Angles in Natural Oil-Water Mixtures — The contact angle of a liquid drop on a solid surface is one of the most simple, useful and sensitive parameters in the hydraulic sciences to quantify and to qualify the wettability and the surface energy of different materials. In this paper, a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) has been use...

Confocal scanning laser microscopes (CSLMs) are equipped with the feature to photobleach user-defined regions. This makes them a handy tool to perform fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements. To allow quantification of such FRAP experiments, a three-dimensional model has been developed that describes the fluorescence recovery process for a disk-shaped geometry that is pho...

The biofilm of Candida spp. is a three-dimensional structure consisting of a dense network of yeasts, blastospores and/or filamentous elements (hyphae or pseudohyphae). All species of Candida are able to form biofilm. The aim of this paper is to present data concerning biofilm formation under static conditions by oropharyngeal isolates of C. famata on a glass surface using non-invasive confocal...

A new non-invasive method for the in vivo measurement of the mechanical behaviour of the different skin layers has been developed. A small tensile device, that can perform both tension and shear tests, and a Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope (CSLM) were combined to measure the deformations of the different skin layers up to a depth of 150 µm. The 2D deformations of the different skin layers st...