Although universally recognized as the source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the choroid plexus (ChP) has been one of the most understudied tissues in neuroscience. The reasons for this are multiple and varied, including historical perceptions about passive and permissive roles for the ChP, experimental issues, and lack of clinical salience. However, recent work on the ChP and instructive signal...

BACKGROUND Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems can provide a range of benefits to users with regards to efficiency, reliability, costs and environmental impact. Furthermore, increasing the amount of electricity generated by CHP systems in the United States has been identified as having significant potential for impressive economic and environmental outcomes on a national scale. Given the bene...

The trend toward increasing energy efficiency and variable renewable energy (VRE) production has implications for combined heat and power (CHP) plants, which operate in both the price-driven power market and the district heating (DH) sector. Since CHP will be important in VRE integration, we develop a complementarity model to analyze CHP producers’ roles in integrated markets. We use a Nordic c...

Whenever industrial plants consume power and heat there is a need to consider energy efficiency investment on a cogeneration (CHP) plant. We investigate economic incentives influencing the adoption of energy saving technology by industry, namely, CHP in UK and Dutch manufacturing sectors. Our analysis is based on an empirical model by the application of cross sectional time series econometric m...

BACKGROUND Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a spectrum of cognitive impairment caused by various chronic diseases including aging, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Oxidative and inflammatory reactions induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CHP) are believed to cause VCI. Melatonin is reported to possess anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation effects. This study was designed to inves...

The choroid plexuses (ChP) are highly vascularized tissues suspended from each of the cerebral ventricles. Their main function is to secret cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that fills the ventricles and the subarachnoid spaces, forming a crucial system for the development and maintenance of the CNS. However, despite the essential role of the ChP-CSF system to regulate the CNS in a global manner, it st...

BACKGROUND Pro-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms are potential candidates for susceptibility for both type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic periodontitis (CHP). This study explored the association of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β) +3954, interleukin-6 (IL-6) -597/-174 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) -308 single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHP with and without type 2 DM in Malaya...

Adenosine is an autacoid that regulates renal Na(+) transport. Activation of adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)R) by N(6)-cyclopentidyladenosine (CPA) inhibits the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 (NHE3) via phospholipase C/Ca(2+)/protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway. Mutation of PKC phosphorylation sites on NHE3 does not affected regulation of NHE3 by CPA, but amino acid residues 462 and 552 are essentia...

BACKGROUND So far, the association of lung cancer with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) has not been studied. OBJECTIVE We examined the prevalence and revealed clinical features of lung cancer in CHP. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 1994 through 2005 and identified 11 patients (15 lesions) with lung cancer among 104 patients with CHP. Their clinical fe...

The calcineurin homologous protein (CHP) belongs to an evolutionarily conserved Ca(2+)-binding protein subfamily. The CHP subfamily is composed of CHP1, CHP2, and CHP3, which in vertebrates share significant homology at the protein level with each other and between other Ca(2+)-binding proteins. The CHP structure consists of two globular domains containing from one to four EF-hand structural mo...