The effect of administration of graduated dose of aqueous leaf extract of Euphobia lateriflora on ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, total protein, creatinine and urea was determined to acertain the toxic effect of the extract on the liver and kidney. Significantly lower levels of AST and urea (p < 0.05) were observed in group administered with 100mg/kg leaf extract. There was no significant difference ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS Danoprevir (RG7227; ITMN-191) is a potent inhibitor of the HCV NS3/4A serine protease. The aims of this double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending dose phase Ib study were to evaluate safety, tolerability, antiviral activity, resistance, and pharmacokinetics of once- and twice-daily danoprevir in the presence of low-dose ritonavir (danoprevir/r) and in combination wi...

Aim : To evaluate the effects of chlorpyriphos, lead acetate, vitamin C alone, and in combination on the activity of oxidative stress parameters in wistar rats. Marerial and Methods: Rats of 150-200g body weight were divided into eight groups of six animals each and were subjected to various daily oral treatment regimes for 98 days. Group I served as control receiving only corn oil, group II re...

Methyleugenol (MEG), which is commonly used as a fragrance and flavoring agent, has been shown to induce hepatocellular tumors in rodents. However, the role of genotoxicity as a possible mechanism of action is not fully understood even though the DNA-reactive metabolite of MEG has been identified. In this study, a gpt delta transgenic rat model was used to clarify whether genotoxic mechanisms a...

Phloridzin is relatively abundant in species of genus Malus Miller, of which China is the most important origin and diversification center. In this study, phloridzin contents in fruits and leaves of six wild Malus species were analyzed using a RP-HPLC system. The phloridzin content varied significantly among species. The highest phloridzin content in fruits was found in M. xiaojinensis (0.63 mg...

Nicotine is known to induce oxidative stress in rat tissues and the antioxidant properties of garlic have been reported. This study was designed to determine if the peroxidative damage caused by nicotine administration can be effectively prevented with garlic juice, and vitamin E, a known antioxidant.Four groups of six rats each were divided into: Group I: (control) received 0.2ml of 0.9% norma...

Background The open-label, Phase III, ODIN trial randomised treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients with no DRV resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) to receive DRV/ r 800/100mg qd or DRV/r 600/100mg bid, plus an optimised background regimen (≥2 NRTIs). Non-inferiority in the primary endpoint of virological response at Week 48 was demonstrated with DRV/r qd versus bid dosing: 72.1% vs 70...

Background In the Phase III, randomised, open-label ODIN trial, treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected adults with no screening DRV resistance-associated mutations received DRV/r 800/100mg qd or DRV/r 600/100mg bid (both arms + ≥2 NRTIs). At Week 48, 72.1% qd vs 70.9% bid patients achieved HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL (95% CI = -6.1 to 8.5%, p<0.001; ITT-TLOVR), confirming noninferiority of DRV/r qd. ...

Methods In this 48-week, Phase IV, multicenter, open-label, randomized, exploratory study, HIV-1—infected, antiretroviral naïve adults were given DRV/r 800/100mg once daily (qd) or ATV/r 300/100mg qd, both with tenofovir/ emtricitabine 300/200mg qd. Week 48 changes in fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity, creatinine clearance, biomarkers (inflammation, coagulation and bacterial...