If influence of a scientist is interpreted broadly enough to include impact on fields beyond science proper then John von Neumann was probably the most influential mathematician ever lived: not only did he contribute to almost all branches of modern mathematics and created new fields but he also changed history after the second World War by his work in computer design and by being a sought-afte...

Samuel Randall Detwiler [5] was an embryologist who studied neural development [6] in embryos and vertebrate retinas [7]. He discovered evidence for the relationship between somites [8] and spinal ganglia, that transplanted limbs can be controlled by foreign ganglia, and the plasticity of ganglia in response to limb transplantations. He also extensively studied vertebrate retinas [7] during and...

Prof. Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi, Editor, Iranian Journal of Microbiology Prof. Giovanni M. Giammanco (as representative of the colleagues of the Sections of Hygiene and Microbiology at the University of Palermo). Prof. Reza Ranjbar (as representative of graduated Iranian fellows and students who were under supervision of Prof. Caterina Mammina). Professor Caterina Mammina, 1957-2016 Volume 8 Num...

We consider a cross-calibration test of predictions by multiple potential experts in a stochastic environment. This test checks whether each expert is calibrated conditional on the predictions made by other experts. We show that this test is good in the sense that a true expert—one informed of the true distribution of the process—is guaranteed to pass the test no matter what the other potential...

Congenital aneurysm of the aortic sinus, with or without rupture, is a rare occurrence. Sawyers, Adams, and Scott (1957) found only 47 cases in the literature, of which 37 had ruptured. Since surgical repair has become possible, interest has quickened and a further 35 cases have since been described (Johnson, 1957; Cooley, 1957; Bosher, 1957; Lillehei, Stanley, and Varco, 1957; Husfeldt and Dav...