XWnt-5A, a member of the nontransforming Wnt-5A class of Wnt ligands, is required for convergent extension movements in Xenopus embryos. XWnt-5A knockdown phenocopies paraxial protocadherin (XPAPC) loss of function: involuted mesodermal cells fail to align mediolaterally, which results in aberrant movements and a selective inhibition of constriction. XWnt-5A depletion was rescued by coinjection...

The tail-inhibition model is generally accepted for the regulation of myosin-5a motor function. Inhibited myosin-5a is in a folded conformation in which its globular tail domain (GTD) interacts with its head and inhibits its motor function, and high Ca(2+) or cargo binding may reduce the interaction between the GTD and the head of myosin-5a, thus activating motor activity. Although it is well e...

The goal of this study was to understand how the reconstituted HDL (rHDL) phospholipid (PL) composition affects its cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory properties. An ApoA-I mimetic peptide, 5A, was combined with either SM or POPC. Both lipid formulations exhibited similar in vitro cholesterol efflux by ABCA1, but 5A-SM exhibited higher ABCG1- and SR-BI-mediated efflux relative to 5A-POPC ...

Human serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase exists as two enzyme isoforms (TRACP 5a and 5b), derived by differential, post-translational processing of a common gene product. Serum TRACP 5b is from bone-resorbing osteoclasts (OC) and becomes elevated in diseases of increased bone resorption. TRACP 5a is secreted by macrophages (MPhi) and dendritic cells (DC) and is increased in many patients...

rigorous mathematical modeling of adsorption processes in packed beds involves time-consuming computations which are considered as the fundamental weakness of such thorough mathematical models. thus, reducing the computation time was a key factor in improving adsorption mathematical models. in order to achieve this goal, an attempt was made to know how much using different numerical methods inf...

BACKGROUND Rupture of the fibrous cap of an atherosclerotic plaque is a key event that predisposes to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may contribute to weakening of the cap, which favors rupture. Stromelysin, a member of MMP family, is identified extensively in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions. It can degrade most of the constituents of extracellular ma...

The regulation of ppp(A2'p)nA-(2-5A)-dependent RNase (RNase L or RNase F) was investigated in NIH 3T3, clone 1 cells using 2-5A-binding and nuclease activity assays. Minimal levels of 2-5A-dependent RNase were detected in actively dividing clone 1 cells; these levels were independently induced by growth arrest or interferon treatment. Accordingly, levels of the RNase were enhanced during growth...

An important role for WNT-5A is implicated in a variety of tumors, including breast carcinoma. We previously showed that WNT-5A signaling inhibits migration and metastasis of breast cancer cells, and that patients with primary breast cancer in which WNT-5A was expressed have a better prognosis. Despite the fact that RhoGTPase Cdc42 is commonly associated with increased cell migration, we here s...

2-5A-dependent RNase is the terminal factor in the interferon-regulated 2-5A system thought to function in both the molecular mechanism of interferon action and in the general control of RNA stability. However, direct evidence for specific functions of 2-5A-dependent RNase has been generally lacking. Therefore, we developed a strategy to block the 2-5A system using a truncated form of 2-5A-depe...