GABA, receptors, the major synaptic targets for the neurotransmitter GABA, constitute gated chloride channels. By their allosteric, drug-induced modulation, they serve as control elements for the regulation of anxiety, vigilance, and epileptiform activity. The structural requirements of fully functional GABA, receptors in the mammalian brain have remained elusive so far. We report here on the c...

Abstract INTRODUCTION Cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are useful as markers for primary central nervous system malignant lymphoma (PCBSL). However, there few reports of CSF glioma. We analyzed and examined glioma PCNSL inflammation-related mediators. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patients with who were operated on at Kobe University between 2006 2017 whose histology was diagnosed, stored...

[1] We report some of the first noble gas data for in situ lower oceanic crust and shallow mantle. From a suite of gabbros and peridotites recovered from the Atlantis Bank oceanic core complex on the Southwest Indian Ridge, we measured He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe concentrations as well as He/He and Ar/Ar ratios, there by documenting the noble gas content and signature of oceanic lithosphere. Except f...

IL-6 is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS. IL-6 signals via binding to either the membrane bound IL-6Rα (classic signaling) or soluble (s)IL-6Ra (trans-signaling) that then form a complex with gp130 to activate the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. The importance of classic versus trans-signaling in mediating IL-6 actions in the liv...

Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), is characterized by malignant skin infiltration that leads to inflammation and barrier defects. Identifying reproducible biomarkers in MF important for monitoring disease activity. Skin tape-stripping gaining recognition as a non-invasive, easy method tracking biomarkers. Tape strips from lesional (L) non-lesional...

C ily. However, it is becoming clear that within this superfamily, structurally similar subfamilies exist whereby some reYTOKINE RECEPTORS are cell-surface glycoproteins that bind specifically to cytokines and transduce their signals. These receptors enable cells to communicate with ceptors or receptor subunits are more related to each other than to other members of the receptor superfamily. Fo...

Modern robotic research has presented the opportunity for enhanced teleoperative systems. Teleprogramming has been developed for teleoperation in time-delayed environments, but can also lead to increased productivity in non-delayed teleoperation. Powered tools are used to increase the abilities of the remote manipulator. However, tools add to the complexity of the system, both in terms of contr...

Unlike most other classes of receptors, where the cytoplasmic domain is necessary for signal transduction, receptors for IL-6 and other related cytokines signal solely by virtue of their ability to form a larger receptor complex with a common subunit, the transmembrane glycoprotein gp130 (1). For instance, binding of IL-6 to IL-6Rα, the α subunit of the functional receptor, triggers the associa...

The combination of synthetic diseasemodifying anti-rheumatic drugs (sDMARDs) such as methotrexate (MTX) and biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) targeting inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF) has enabled markedly efficient control of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with inadequate response to MTX (MTX-IR). Although TNF inhibitors have offered pivotal stra...