Ionic status during early development was investigated in the purple sea urchin. Whole body cation concentrations (Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+)), unidirectional Ca(2+) uptake rates measured with (45)Ca(2+), Ca(2+)-ATPase activity, and growth were examined at 12h intervals over the first 96h of development. Whole body Ca(2+) concentration was low initially but increased steadily by >15-fold throu...

PURPOSE: We studied the effects of exposure to mitomycin C and 5-Fluorcuracil to human RPE cultures, in growth inhibition and citoxicity. METHODS: 1) Growth inhibition: RPE cultures (3.000 cells/well) were exposed to different concentrations of mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil, and cell viability (MTT test) was evaluated 48h, 72h and 96h after. 2) Citotoxicity: RPE cultures (10.000 cells/well) we...

PURPOSE: We studied the effects of exposure to mitomycin C and 5-Fluorcuracil to human RPE cultures, in growth inhibition and citoxicity. METHODS: 1) Growth inhibition: RPE cultures (3.000 cells/well) were exposed to different concentrations of mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil, and cell viability (MTT test) was evaluated 48h, 72h and 96h after. 2) Citotoxicity: RPE cultures (10.000 cells/well) we...

The detection of hydrogen peroxide, chlorophyll pigments, anthocynin, carotenoids, total phenolic compounds and lipid peroxidation levels as potential stress signaling molecules in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves in response to specific mineral deficiency were studied. The stress signaling molecules were measured in the plant leaves at different growth time points cultured in spec...

Pollution of water resources is a serious and growing problem, despite the existence of relevant legislations. Genotoxic studies on industrial pollutants are very important as they tend to accumulate in aquatic animals. Thus use of aquatic organisms to detect the genotoxicity is very useful in environment monitoring. For this chromosomal aberration test was employed to study genotoxicity caused...

The sub-cellular and humoral concentrations of a collectin-like protein from the solitary tunicate, Styela plicata, were measured after in vivo challenge with the inflammatory agent, zymosan. Tunicates were injected with zymosan before hemocytes and serum were harvested, subjected to western blotting and immunostained with an anti-S. plicata collectin antibody to determine the relative titers o...

Most aquatic herbicides have undergone some toxicity testing for effects on non-target aquatic organisms, little of this testing has been conducted on early life stages of Clarias gariepinus. African catfish C. gariepinus were exposed to acute concentrations of glyphosate for 96hrs. The lethal concentration (LC ) 5O value of glyphosate was 0.295 mg l for 96h of exposure. The mean mortality perc...

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effects of the water-soluble fraction of gasoline (WSFG) on the Neotropical freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. The WSFG was prepared by mixing gasoline in water (1:4) and animals were exposed for 6, 24 and 96h to 5% diluted WSFG or only to water. After exposure, blood was collected from the caudal vein and the gills were removed. The following par...

Crude oil spills from tankers remain a serious threat along coastal California. Resource managers require information on the acute toxicity of treated and untreated oil, and their sublethal effects on wildlife. This investigation compared the toxic actions of the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and the chemically-enhanced WAF (CEWAF; Corexit 9500) of Prudhoe Bay crude oil in pre-smolt Chinook...

Cadmium tolerance and removal in the marine microalga Dunaliella salina were studied in cultures exposed to different metal concentrations (5-120 mg Cd l(-1)) for 96h. This microalga can be included in the group of microalgal species most tolerant to cadmium due to the high value of EC50 that it possesses (48.9 mg Cd l(-1) at 96 h of culture). The greater percentage of cadmium removed was obtai...