Two idealized, three-dimensional, analytical models of mid-depth meridional overturning in a basin with a southern-hemisphere circumpolar connection are described. In the first, the overturning circulation can be understood as a ‘pump and valve’ system, in which the wind forcing at the latitudes of the circumpolar connection is the pump, and surface thermodynamic exchange at high northern latit...

We recently developed a method of multilayer fabrication for elastomeric devices, which we used to fabricate monolithic active valves and pumps. Here we describe efforts to use these pumps and valves in an integrated DNA diagnostic chip and show results of a key component, surface patterning, with two different kind of surface chemistries by using similar elastomeric channel devices. Flow contr...

If plastic tubing is to be used in roller pumps for propelling blood in extracorporeal circulations under occlusive conditions spring loading the rollers and accurately setting the spring force is essential. Various types and sizes of plastic tubing are compared and their performance estimated; rubber tubing used for the same purpose has been tested. The optimum spring force has been determined...

As an alternative or supplement to small batteries, the much-anticipated micro-direct methanol fuel cell ( DMFC) faces several key technical issues such as methanol crossover, reactant delivery, and byproduct release. This paper addresses two of the issues, removal of CO2 bubbles and delivery ofmethanol fuel, in a non-prohibitiveway for systemminiaturization. A recently reported bubble-driven p...