The infection process of Phytophthora capsici on susceptible and resistant pepper cultivars were studied by scanning electronic microscopy. The development of P. capsici within 24 h post inoculation (hpi) was quite similar between susceptible cv. early Calwonder (EC) and resistant cv. Criollo de Morelos 334 (CM334). Zoospores encysted on the leaves and formed adhesive cysts at 3 hpi. Cyst germi...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Leaf gas exchange is influenced by stomatal size, density, distribution between the leaf adaxial and abaxial sides, as well as by pore dimensions. This study aims to quantify which of these traits mainly underlie genetic differences in operating stomatal conductance (gs) and addresses possible links between anatomical traits and regulation of pore width. METHODS Stomatal r...

Previous investigations suggested that specific auxin spatial distribution due to auxin movements to particular embryonic regions was important for normal embryonic pattern formation. To gain information on the molecular mechanism(s) by which auxin acts to direct pattern formation in specific embryonic regions, the role of a plasma membrane (PM) ATPase was evaluated as downstream target of auxi...

In this study, S. nigra L. and ebulus (Adoxaceae) species belonging to the Sambucus genus were examined. Species of collected from northern Turkey anatomical comparisons made. Stem leaf anatomy examined by light microscopy. The plants have woody stem anatomy. druse crystals which are main characters observed in taxa. Differences found number cells vascular bundles, arrangement druze crystals, s...

Anatomical studies in the leaflet globoid galls of Caryocar brasiliense, the “pequi”, aimed to answer how oviposition and the feeding behavior of the galling herbivores altered the morphogenetical patterns of the host plant. C. brasiliense globoid gall was (1.28 ± 0.20) mm × (0.90 ± 0.25) mm, with hairy surface; it is sessile and projected to the abaxial surface. Young galls were red while the ...

The leaf mine in Richterago riparia is caused by a lepidopteran larva (lepidopteronome). The leaves of R. riparia show campdodrome venation; the epidermis is unistratified, with stomata and glandular trichomes in adaxial and abaxial surfaces. The mesophyll is bilateral and the vascular system is collateral. During the formation of the mine, the larva consumes the chlorenchyma of the mesophyll a...

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) and a mixture of G(1), G(2), and G(3) (G-substances) inhibited stomatal opening in abaxial epidermis of Commelina benghalensis and complete closure occurred at 10(-6) molar MJ, or 10(-3) molar G-substances compared to 10(-5) molar abscisic acid (ABA). Proline, even at 10(-3) molar caused only a partial stomatal closure. Apart from ABA, other endogenous plant growth regulat...

Leaf primordia are generated around the shoot apical meristem. Mutation of the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 (AS2) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana results in defects in repression of the meristematic and indeterminate state, establishment of adaxial-abaxial polarity and left-right symmetry in leaves. AS2 represses transcription of meristem-specific class 1 KNOX homeobox genes and of the abaxial-determinant g...