Hepatic fibrogenesis occurs as a wound-healing process after many forms of chronic liver injury. Hepatic fibrosis ultimately leads to cirrhosis if not treated effectively. During liver injury, quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSC), the most relevant cell type, become active and proliferative. Oxidative stress is a major and critical factor for HSC activation. Activation of peroxisome prolifera...

Background: There is evidence that CD36 promotes foam cell formation through internalizing oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) into macrophages therefore, it plays a key role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In addition, CD36 expression seems to be mediated by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of ...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a prototypical metabolic nuclear receptor that acts as a lipid sensor, integrating the homeostatic control of energy, lipid, and glucose metabolism. This perspective will highlight three lines of evidence which place PPAR-gamma as a key player in a feed-forward pathway favoring differentiation and energy storage by adipocytes.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are nuclear receptors that regulate gene expression in response to ligand binding. Three PPAR receptor subtypes, namely gamma, alpha and delta (beta), have been identified. The development of PPAR agonist pharmaceuticals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity is currently an area of great interest. The FDA has recei...

introduction: the inflammatory response requires a coordinated integration of various signaling pathway including cyclooxygenase (cox). cox catalyzes the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. among prostaglandins, 15-deoxy-d12, 14-prostaglandin j2 (15d-pgj2), an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (ppar-γ), has been demonstrated to have anti-inflam...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and plays an important role in growth, differentiation, and inflammation in different tissues. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15d-PGJ(2), a high-affinity ligand of PPAR-gamma, on dedifferentiation and on inflammatory responses such as COX-2 expression and PGE(2) production in ...

Note: The PPAR gamma gene, a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors, is implicated in adipocyte differentiation and function. In order to regulate the transcription of target genes, the PPAR protein needs to form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs). Three splice variants of PPAR gamma are known: PPAR gamma1, PPAR gamma2, ...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a key regulator of lipid metabolism and energy balance implicated in the development of insulin resistance and obesity. The identification of putative natural and synthetic ligands and activators of PPAR-gamma has helped to unravel the molecular basis of its function, including molecular details regarding ligand binding, conformat...

Introduction: The inflammatory response requires a coordinated integration of various signaling pathway including cyclooxygenase (COX). COX catalyzes the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. Among prostaglandins, 15-Deoxy-D12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), an endogenous ligand of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), has been demonstrated to have anti-inflam...

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogenous immune-mediated fibrotic disease. Disability of daily life in SSc patients largely depending on skin fibrosis starting distal site limb. However, there limited randomized control trial (RCT)-proven therapies for SSc. The effect anti-fibrotic drug, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta ab, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR...