The sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) is the important regulatory subunit of ATP-sensitive K+ channels. It is an ATP-binding cassette protein comprising 17 transmembrane helices. SUR is endowed with binding sites for channel blockers like the antidiabetic sulfonylurea glibenclamide and for the chemically very heterogeneous channel openers. SUR1, the typical pancreatic SUR isoform, shows much higher a...

Conservation tillage is an energy efficient and low cost tillage system to improve soil environment compared with conventional tillage systems. However, the rice residue management becomes an "impossible to achieve" task due to high soil moisture content at harvest time and the thickness of rice straw. Disc type furrow openers are used for both seed drilling as well as straw cutting during no t...

The dactyl opener neuromuscular system of crayfish and lobster has long been a popular model system for studies of synaptic physiology and its modulation. Previous studies of its neural innervation in both species have reported that whereas the opener excitor axon (OE) and the specific opener inhibitor (OI) innervate the entire muscle, the common inhibitor (CI) is restricted to a small number o...

poor stand establishment of canola (brassica napus l.) under flatland mechanized planting and crust-forming soil is a major problem for farmers in central iran. previous research there showed that irrigated cotton emergence on crust-forming soils under flatland planting can be significantly improved using a double-disk planter with zero-pressure press wheel tires and no crust-breaking. in that ...

The three types of motor axons found in the walking legs of the lobster were shown to respond differently upon exposure to calcium-free solutions. While all fiber types became more excitable initially in calcium-free solutions, only openers became spontaneously active. Fast closers showed the least reduction in rheobase value upon calcium depletion. After 5 minutes in calcium-free solution all ...