Shoot-borne crown roots are the major root system in cereals. Previous work has shown that the Wuschel-related homeobox gene WOX11 is necessary and sufficient to promote rice (Oryza sativa) crown root emergence and elongation. Here, we show that WOX11 recruits the ADA2-GCN5 histone acetyltransferase module to activate downstream target genes in crown root meristem. Rice ADA2 and GCN5 genes are ...

Background: In recent years, numerous regulators of gonadal function have been studied. Adenosine deaminase(ADA) is widely distributed throughout human tissues and may contribute in the regulation of menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the plasma activities of total adenosine deaminase (ADAT), and its isoenzymes, ADA1 and ADA2, and ADA1/ADA2 ratio during the menses, foll...

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes serious human disease in immunocompromised populations. Its polysaccharide capsule is a key virulence factor which is regulated in response to growth conditions, becoming enlarged in the context of infection. We used microarray analysis of cells stimulated to form capsule over a range of growth conditions to identify a tran...

Overexpression of the multidrug efflux pump MDR1 is one mechanism by which the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans develops resistance to the antifungal drug fluconazole. The constitutive upregulation of MDR1 in fluconazole-resistant, clinical C. albicans isolates is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the zinc cluster transcription factor Mrr1. It has been suggested that Mrr1 activates MDR1 ...

The isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 of the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA 3.5.4.4) deaminate mainly two nucleosides: adenosine and 2'deoxyadenosine, producing inosine and 2'deoxyinosine. Adenosine and 2'deoxyadenosine are molecules with many effects on human cells [1–4]. Thus, the homeostasis of these substances and the activity of the isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 in human cells are of extreme importance.

Purpose We recently demonstrated that adenosine deaminase-2 (ADA2) contributes to diabetic retinopathy (DR) via up-regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Also, microRNA (miR)-146b-3p has the ability to inhibit ADA2. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential role of ADA2 and therapeutic benefit of miR-146b-3p in retinal inflammation and endothelial barr...

Introduction Humans have two adenosine deaminase isozymes, ADA1 and ADA2, which differ in affinity for their substrates, (Ado) 2?deoxyadenosine (dAdo), localization. Inherited deficiencies of ADA2 compromise different aspects immune hematological function. The metabolic consequences deficiency show that its enzymatic (ADA) activity is central to biological By contrast, the function uncertain no...

BACKGROUND Delayed hypersensitivity plays a large role in the pathogenesis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Macrophages infected with live Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) increase the levels of adenosine deaminase2 (ADA2) in the pleural fluid of TPE patients. However, it is as yet unclear whether ADA2 can be produced by macrophages when challenged with MTB antigens alone. This study ther...

We read with great interest the editorial by GAKIS [1] about the extreme importance of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 on the homeostasis of 2' deoxyadenosine and adenosine, especially when monocytes and macrophages are infected by intracellular microorganisms. Serum ADA activity is increased in various conditions such as liver disease, tuberculosis, typhoid, infective mo...

OBJECTIVE Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is involved in purine metabolism and plays a significant role in the mechanisms of the immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the activity of total ADA (tADA) and isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 and clinical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The study comprised 37 patients with rheumatoid arthriti...