We describe a novel mechanism for protein kinase C regulation of axonal microtubule invasion of growth cones. Activation of PKC by phorbol esters resulted in a rapid, robust advance of distal microtubules (MTs) into the F-actin rich peripheral domain of growth cones, where they are normally excluded. In contrast, inhibition of PKC activity by bisindolylmaleimide and related compounds had no per...

Composition and structure of a three-storied Fagus orientalis-dominated forest was investigated in the Caspian forests, north of Iran. Circular sampling plots of 1000 m2 occupied by advance growth and natural regeneration were randomly chosen where the initial cuttings (with shelterwood aim) were performed. Abundance of species at different growth stages and quality of seedlings and saplings we...

Video time-lapse microscopy has made it possible to document growth cone motility during axon navigation in the intact brain. This approach prompted us to reanalyze the hypothesis, originally derived from observations of fixed tissue, that growth cone form is position-specific. The behaviors of Dil-labeled retinal axon growth cones were tracked from retina through the optic tract in mouse brain...

This paper presents some of the results of the simulation in the radiation section of an industrial boiler using an advanced mathematical model. Calculations are described for the flow, heat transfer, and chemical reaction processes occurring within a gas-fired cylindrical furnace. The calculation procedure is a two dimensional one in which the main hydrodynamic variables are the velocity and s...

objective high concentration of iron and other trace elements could restrict bacterial growth and modify their metabolic pattern as well. however, this study aimed to find out the influence of iron, chromium, cadmium and synergism or antagonism between these elements on the growth of a gram positive bacterium. materials and methods in a series of experiments, bucillus cereus was cultured in a n...

Neurites of superior cervical ganglion neurons from embryonic, perinatal, and adult rats extended at different rates when placed in tissue culture on similar collagen substrata. Using high resolution cinematography and a time-lapse video recording system, we concluded that these differences arise from variations in individual growth cone behavior. Growth cones of embryonic and perinatal neurona...