For the determination of the hyoscyamine-scopolamine content in small quantities of fresh plant tissue an HPLC assay was developed; with a sensitivity of about 20 ng alkaloid per run. Analysis of the different organs of Datura innoxia plants are in accord with the concept that hyoscyamine is synthesized in the roots, whereas transformation to scopolamine starts in these organs and proceeds in t...

Flying insects have evolved sophisticated sensory capabilities to achieve rapid course control during aerial maneuvers. Among two-winged insects such as houseflies and their relatives, the hind wings are modified into club-shaped, mechanosensory halteres, which detect Coriolis forces and thereby mediate flight stability during maneuvers. Here, we show that mechanosensory input from the antennae...

Cuticle, including wax and cutin, is the barrier covering plant aerial organs and protecting the inner tissues. The Arabidopsis thaliana ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter CER5 (AtWBC12) has been identified as a wax exporter. In agreement with the latest report of another wax exporter, AtWBC11, here we show that atwbc11 mutants displayed organ fusions and stunted growth, and became vulnerab...

The research was based on a pot experiment, in which the response of eight species of crops to soil contamination with fluorine was investigated. In parallel, some inactivating substances were tested in terms of their potential use for the neutralization of the harmful influence of fluorine on plants. The response of crops to soil contamination with fluorine was assessed according to the volume...

The combined total annual yield of six major crops (maize, rice, wheat, cassava, soybean, and potato; Solanum tuberosum L.) amounts to 3.1 billion tons. In recent years, staple crops have begun to be used as substitutes for fossil fuel and feedstocks. The diversion of crop products to fuels and industrial feedstocks has become a concern in many countries because of competition for arable lands ...

The purpose of this article is to show the importance of mission planning in a fully automatic flight and the critical role of implementing Sense & Avoid (S&A) procedures at different categories of UAVs. Modern operation of UAVs implies the capability to handle separation provision and collision avoidance in a way similar to the manned aircrafts. The main contributions are: the analysis of the ...

BACKGROUND In order to find new bioactive natural products, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil components extracted from the separated organs of the Algerian medicinal and aromatic plant Daucus muricatus L. were studied. RESULTS The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) was investigated using Gas Chromatography-Retention Indices (...

Lamb’s quarters goosefoot (with scientific name “Chenopodium album L.”) can absorb and purify heavy metals from environment. Cesium is one of pollutant and basic elements. Due to similarity to potassium, it can be absorbed by plants intensively. According to its absorption from the environment, cesium effect on anatomical and ontogenical structure of plant was studied. For this purpose, plant s...