We collected nearly 70 specimens of Amanita species during a diversity study of Korean mushrooms conducted in 2012. In this study, we primarily investigated 23 Amanita specimens belonging to sections Amanita and Vaginatae. Based on sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and partial large subunit of ribosomal RNA and morphological characteristics, we identified the following 15 phylog...

Poplar belongs to the family Salicaeceae, order Salicales and group Amentiflorae (Dickmann and Stuart, 1983; Eckenwalder, 1996). There are 35 species of poplar currently recognized in the world; out of those, 6 Populus species are indigenous to India– P. alba, P. ciliata, P. euphratica, P. gamblei, P. glauca and P. laurifolia, and during past many clones of exotic species of poplar (P. deltoide...

Three-dimensional atom probe tomography (APT) is successfully used to analyze the near-apex regions of an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip. Atom scale material structure and chemistry from APT analysis for standard silicon AFM tips and silicon AFM tips coated with a thin film of Cu is presented. Comparison of the thin film data with that observed using transmission electron microscopy indicate...

Physiological interactions between extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and membrane integrin receptors play a crucial role in neuroplasticity in the hippocampus, a key region involved in epilepsy. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a cutting-edge technique to study structural and functional measurements at nanometer resolution between the AFM probe and cell surface under liquid. AFM has been ...

v-shaped and triangular cantilevers are widely employed in atomic force microscope (afm) imaging techniques due to their stability. for the design of vibration control systems of afm cantilevers which utilize patched piezo actuators, obtaining an accurate system model is indispensable prior to acquiring the information related to natural modes. a general differential quadrature element method (...

Liposomes serve as models for cells and show increasing applications in medical and nonmedical fields. Unilamellar vesicles are prepared from multilamellar vesicle (MLV) dispersions either by sonication or extrusion. The shape stability of liposomes is important in the understanding of membrane fusion, as well as in drug delivery and gene therapy. Therefore it has been the subject of numerous t...

OBJECTIVE Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a technology that allows analysis of the nanoscale morphology of bacteria within biofilm and provides details that may be better useful for understanding the role of bacterial interactions in the periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five patients with periodontal ≥5 mm pockets diagnosed as generalized periodontitis and five patients with slight ...