INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the differences in airway shape and volume among subjects with various facial patterns. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography records of 62 nongrowing patients were used to evaluate the pharyngeal airway volume (superior and inferior compartments) and shape. This was done by using 3-dimensional virtual surface models to calculate airway volumes...

INTRODUCTION Children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are known to have airway problems. Previous studies have shown that individuals with CLP have a 30% reduction in nasal airway size compared to non-cleft controls. No reports have been found on cross-sectional area and volume of the pharyngeal airway in clefts. Introduction of Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) and imaging software has facilitated generatio...

RATIONALE The importance of applying high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with a high lung volume strategy in infants is well established. Currently, a lack of reliable methods for assessing lung volume limits clinicians' ability to achieve the optimum volume range. OBJECTIVES To map the pressure-volume relationship of the lung during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in infants, to de...

The effect of active and passive manoeuvres on closing volume was studied in conscious subjects. There were no significant differences in closing volume in nine of 10 non-smokers. There was a significantly greater closing volume with the passive manoeuvre (airway pressure +3 kPa to --2 kPa) in seven of nine smokers and one non-smoker with evidence of mild obstructive airway disease. The sensiti...

exercise induced asthma (eia) is a transient increase in airway resistance after intensive exercise and can be measured as a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1). the condition is due to increased training load and inhalation of cold and dry air. several studies have shown that eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea challenge test (evh test) is a very sensitive and specific diagnostic...

BACKGROUND There are no prospective studies that evaluated airway changes during labor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate airway changes in women undergoing labor and delivery. METHODS Two studies were undertaken to evaluate airway changes during labor. The first study used the conventional Samsoon modification of the Mallampati airway class. The airway was photographed at the onset a...

Airway distensibility appears to be unaffected by airway smooth muscle (ASM) tone, despite the influence of ASM tone on the airway diameter-pressure relationship. This discrepancy may be because the greatest effect of ASM tone on airway diameter-pressure behavior occurs at low transpulmonary pressures, i.e., low lung volumes, which has not been investigated. Our study aimed to determine the con...

Collapsible pharyngeal airway size is determined by interaction between structural properties of the pharyngeal airway and neural regulation of the pharyngeal dilating muscles. Obesity seems to have two distinct mechanical influences on the pharyngeal airway collapsibility. First, obesity increases soft tissue surrounding the pharyngeal airway within limited maxillomandible enclosure occupying ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To quantify the impact on peak airway pressure of pressure-controlled and volume-controlled ventilation during Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) use. DESIGN Prospective, crossover clinical study. SETTING University-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS 32 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing general anesthesia with the LMA. INTERVENTIONS Patients were ventilated for three ...