The chemistry of the burrowing sponge Aka coralliphagum was investigated to identify chemically labile secondary metabolites. The HPLC-MS analysis of the two growth forms typica and incrustans revealed different metabolites. The previously unknown sulfated compounds siphonodictyals B1 to B3 (6-8), corallidictyals C (9) and D (10), and siphonodictyal G (11) were isolated, and their structures we...

BACKGROUND The Two-Pool Glucose (TPG) model has an important role to play in diabetes research since it enables analysis of data obtained from the frequently sampled labeled (hot) glucose tolerance test (FSHGT). TPG modeling allows determination of the separate effects of insulin on the disposal of glucose and on the hepatic production of glucose. It therefore provides a basis for the accurate ...

This document specifies an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) mechanism for authentication and session key distribution that uses the Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) mechanism. AKA is used in the 3rd generation mobile networks Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and CDMA2000. AKA is based on symmetric keys, and typically runs in a Subscriber Identity Module, which is ...

This document specifies an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) mechanism for authentication and session key distribution that uses the Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) mechanism. AKA is used in the 3rd generation mobile networks Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and CDMA2000. AKA is based on symmetric keys, and typically runs in a Subscriber Identity Module, which is ...

Tests for antikeratin antibodies (AKA) were performed on 2152 disease-associated and control sera by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) on rat oesophagus substrate. The incidence of AKA was significantly raised in rheumatoid arthritis (37%) in comparison with systemic sclerosis (8%), psoriasis (7%), ankylosing spondylitis (6%), systemic lupus erythematosus (3%), and normal controls (2%). AKA were...

This document specifies an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) mechanism for authentication and session key distribution using the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) mechanism. UMTS AKA is based on symmetric keys, and runs typically in a UMTS Subscriber Identity Module, a smart card like device. EAP AKA includes optional identity privac...

In this work, we consider Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA), a popular client-server Key Exchange (KE) protocol, commonly used in wireless standards (e.g., UMTS), and widely considered for new applications. We discuss natural potential usage scenarios for AKA, attract attention to subtle vulnerabilities, propose a simple and efficient AKA enhancement, and provide its formal proof of securi...

UMTS is the most popular third-generation mobile phone system at present, and the UMTS AKA is his authentication and key agreement protocol. There are some weaknesses in the existed UMTS AKA protocol, such as synchronization question, storage overhead, insecurity with leakiness authentication vector, and weakness in mutual authentications. In this paper, we use the concept of proxy key to desig...

To support Evolved Packet System (EPS) in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has proposed an authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol, named EPS-AKA, which has become an emerging standard for fourth-generation (4G) wireless communications. However, due to the requirement of backward compatibility, EPS-AKA inevitably inherits some defects...

Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) is a common method for imaging the Adamkiewicz Artery (AKA). Test-bolus imaging methods have long been the mainstream, and recently, a time resolved technique (4D-MRA) is also reported. However, the current rates of detection for both are mixed, and the best method has not been established yet. For AKA, the present rate is 72% left, Th8～...