Alkil Keten Dimer (AKD); ıslak mukavemet ve kâğıdın basılabilirlik özelliklerini değiştirdiği için çoğunlukla kağıt endüstrisinde kullanılır. AKD, odunun hidroksil gruplarıyla reaksiyona girer hidrokarbon zincirlerinin etkili bir şekilde esterleşmesine katkıda bulunur. Oduna AKD ilavesi ile boyutsal kararlılığın arttırılması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca çevre dostu olan bor bileşikleri ahşabın biyolo...

Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) is a filler that is widely used for papermaking, and lime sludge is a special type of PCC recovered from the black liquor from kraft pulping. There has been some concern that lime sludge may interfere with the development of paper’s hydrophobicity in comparison with commercial PCC and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) due to the presence of impurities when alky...

Raman spectroscopy has been linked to a high-pressure optical cell for the in situ study of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2)-solute interactions. The body of the cell is made of a stainless steel cylinder enclosing a volumetric capacity of 24 mL, allowing optical access through sapphire windows on both ends. An argon ion laser was used for the excitation and Raman spectra were collected in...

Model surfaces of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) were prepared by casting and spin-coating methods. The surface chemical composition and surface topography were investigated by XPS, ellipsometry, AFM and contact angle studies. Spin-coating resulted in layered structure of AKD and ASA surfaces; the molecular layer thickness of both AKD and ASA was found to be ca. 2...

Results From 27 patients referred to kidney biopsy, only 16 (59.3%) were diagnosed with amyloid kidney disease (AKD), 11 were diagnosed with another nephropathy. The AKD and non amyloid kidney disease (NAKD) groups were comparable on most variables, but showed distinct characteristics with regard to the range of proteinuria (6.46 ±4.3 g vs. 2.4±1.7 g, p= 0.0136), rate of severe FMF (14 vs. 5 pa...

Recent efforts have standardized definitions and classification systems for acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). These efforts have enhanced communication, recognition, and awareness of acute and CKDs and stimulated research on both disorders. However, abnormalities of kidney function and structure can occur that do not meet the current criteria for either disorder. Recog...

REID, V. E., AKD FRIEDKIN, M. 1973. Plasnzodizlfn bcrghci: Folic Acid Levels in Mouse Erythrocytes. Expcri~~cntal Purasifology 33, 424-428 (1973). Folate levels of parasitized whole blood increased over fourfold above noninfected controls based on microbiological assays with Lactobacillus casei. Most of this increase is attributed to oxidized forms of folate (mono, di, and triglutamates) and/or...

Abstract Superhydrophobic surface coatings have enormous potential to protect wood from excessive water uptake. Unfortunately, such often require toxic chemicals or complex fabrication methods, and their mechanical stability is very limited. As an alternative, highly water-repellent surfaces with mean contact angles (WCAs) of 160° were prepared by straightforward spray-deposition alkyl ketene d...