different stages in the life cycle and to evolve specialised forms to go with them. This strategy is widely used — from the adult mayfly whose sole task it is to find a mate, to the ever-hungry caterpillar — and involves often dramatic bodily transformations between stages. Before the term 'life history' was even coined, such metamorphoses — like the tadpole turning into a frog illustrated on t...

Qualitative, trial-and-error methods designed to increase the flux to desirable biotechnological products have led to new technologies and vast improvements in existing ones. However, these methods now appear in many cases to have approached their limit. In addition, there is a strong feeling in industry that much of the recent boom in academic knowledge of biochemistry and molecular biology pa...

This case study involves a patient who presented at a chiropractic clinic with an acute torticollis. Although preceding trauma was sincerely denied by the patient, a thorough case history with appropriate radiological investigation revealed a Jefferson fracture with an associated rupture of the osseous attachment of the transverse ligament.

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>A minimal system <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ (X,T) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is topologically mildly mixing if for all non-empty open subsets id="M2">\begin{document}$ U,V $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, id="M3">\begin{document}$ \{n\in {\mathbb Z}: U\cap T^{-n}V\n...