The cyclin D1, referred to as PRAD-1, has been mapped to the 11q13 region, and its expression has been detected in squamous cell lines and several primary esophageal carcinomas. We assessed cyclin D1 amplification in 122 squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus. Samples for DNA extraction were obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens, and 10 microgram of each DNA sample were su...

We analyze the s-step biconjugate gradient algorithm in finite precision arithmetic and derive a bound for the residual norm in terms of a minimum polynomial of a perturbed matrix multiplied by an amplification factor. Our bound enables comparison of s-step and classical biconjugate gradient in terms of amplification factors. Our results show that for s-step biconjugate gradient, the amplificat...

We discuss the importance of distributed amplification for high-speed soliton communication systems through numerical simulations by considering the distributed gain provided by stimulated Raman scattering or erbium dopants. Hybrid amplification schemes are also considered. At a bit rate of 40 Gb/s, the use of distributed amplification is found to improve the transmission distance (deduced from...

Saul’yev-type asymmetric schemes have been widely used in solving diffusion and advection equations. In this work, we show that Saul’yev-type schemes can be derived from the exponential splitting of the semidiscretized equation which fundamentally explains their unconditional stability. Furthermore, we show that optimal schemes are obtained by forcing each scheme’s amplification factor to match...

in this paper, by numerical simulation of gas flow, effects of divergence angles on the amplification factor, side force and thrust vector magnitude of a moveable nozzle with supersonic split line have been investigated. the study is conducted for constant exit to throat area ratio and the location of the split line is also constant. the finite volume method with second order upwind scheme for ...