introduction: the claustrum interconnects with the allocortical and neocortical regions and also projects to the hippocampus and the amygdala. .the role of claustrum in the complex partial seizure is not clear. thus in this study the effect of amygdala lesion on anterior claustrum kindled seizures in rat were investigated. methods: male wistar rats, weighting 250-300 g, were received dc current...

low frequency stimulation (lfs) is a potential alternative therapy for epilepsy. however, it seems that the anticonvulsant effects of lfs depend on its target sites in the brain. thus, the present study was designed to compare the anticonvulsant effects of lfs administered to amygdala, piriform cortex and substantia nigra on amygdala kindling acquisition. in control group, rats were kindled in ...

Background: Although hydro-alcoholic extracts of Anethum graveolens L. had Anticonvulsants effect on PTZ-induced kindling seizure behavior, but on the amygdala kindling in rats induced seizure has not been investigated. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the chronic effects of hydro-alcoholic extracts of Anethum graveolens L. on seizures using electrical amygdala kindling model. Methods: ...

Low frequency stimulation (LFS) is a potential alternative therapy for epilepsy. However, it seems that the anticonvulsant effects of LFS depend on its target sites in the brain. Thus, the present study was designed to compare the anticonvulsant effects of LFS administered to amygdala, piriform cortex and substantia nigra on amygdala kindling acquisition. In control group, rats were kindled in ...


 The COVID-19 pandemic brings many psychological and physical changes. In coping with the pandemic, breathing exercise meditation is useful to calm mind body. Breathing practice can change brain, especially amygdala. This paper aims give insight about amygdala changes through in pandemic. Methods: a literature review. Literature was identified from archives PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier. inclu...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder of emotional and mental stress occurring as an outcome of injury or severe emotional shock. Several Neuroimaging studies in humans have shown the functions and relationship between the anatomical changes of brain and PTSD. The three major areas of the brain are affected by PTSD .These three areas are the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cor...

anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant manner of inner distress, often accompanied by nervous behavior. anxiety is related to the particular behaviors of fight or flight responses. the amygdala, the insula and anterior cingulate cortex seem to be critical, and all three have been referred to as the fear network .the amygdala which plays a fundamental role in neural network of fear...

in the last century, neural stem cells are used in a lot of studies for basic and therapeutic investigations. several sources are identified for neural stem cells including embryonic, fetal and adult stem cells. although most of studies have focused in embryonic as well as fetal cells due to their capacity to generate progenies, these cells have some problems such as immunological, availability...

Introduction: The claustrum interconnects with the allocortical and neocortical regions and also projects to the hippocampus and the amygdala. .The role of claustrum in the complex partial seizure is not clear. Thus in this study the effect of amygdala lesion on anterior claustrum kindled seizures in rat were investigated. Methods: Male Wistar rats, weighting 250-300 g, were received DC curren...

Objective(s): In the present study the effect of stress on monkeys that had learned to retrieve food from a five-chamber receptacle, as well as the relationship between their behavior and the serum cortisol and epinephrine levels and relative size of the amygdala was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Six male rhesus monkeys were individually given access to the food reward orderly. They could e...