during a cross-sectional study, patients who were admitted to the orthopedic department of the urmia university of medical sciences were asked about opium/opioid abuse. demographic characteristics, the pattern of consumption, the substance, the duration of the use, the duration of hospital stay and the cause of their injuries were recorded. among 2,867 patients, 74 (2.5%) patients (71 men and 3...

methanolic extract of solanum trilobatum linn. (mest) belonging to the family of solanacea was evaluated by hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing methods to assess its analgesic activity. the extract was also evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity by subjecting into carrageenan, and cotton pellet induced granuloma tests for its effect on acute and chronic phase inflammation models in...

opium is one of the oldest herbal medicines currently used as an analgesic, sedative and antidiarrheal treatment. the effects of opium are principally mediated by the μ -,κ- and δ-opioid receptors. opioid substances consist of all natural and synthetic alkaloids that are derived from opium. most of their effects on gastrointestinal motility and secretion result from suppression of neural activi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of dronabinol for the treatment of neuropathic pain refractory to previous treatment. METHODS We studied the response (reduction of pain intensity and functional improvement) to dronabinol (5 mg/day to 25 mg/day) in two adolescents with neuropathic pain and depression refractory to previous treatments over two and five years, respectively. RESULTS Red...

background & aim:zea mays leaf used traditionally in ibibio ethno medicine in southern nigeria to treat malaria and other inflammatory diseases. these anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties were evaluated against experimentally induced inflammation and pains using standard models. experimental: the effects of ethanol leaf extract of zea mays (170 -510 mg/kg) on experimentally induced inflam...

ultra rapid opioid detoxification (urod) is one of the new methods of detoxification. this method of detoxification involves putting patients under general anesthesia and actively giving them opioid antagonists. the objective of this study was to evaluate effects of anesthesia duration in urod on severity of withdrawal syndrome. sixty addicted patients seeking urod procedure assigned randomly t...

objective(s):cone snails are estimated to consist of up to 700 species. the venom of these snails has yielded a rich source of novel peptides. this study was aimed to study the analgesic effect of persian gulf conus textile and its comparison with morphine in mouse model. materials and methods: samples were collected in larak island. the venom ducts were isolated and kept on ice then homogenize...

o bjective: to determine the effects of intravenous acetaminophen (apotel®)  on pain severity and clinical findings of peritonitis in patients with acute appendicitis. m e thods: this randomized  cross-over clinical trial was carried out duringa 6-month  period from august 2012 to february 2013 and comprised 107 patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. patients were randomly assigned to rece...

extracts obtained from the aerial parts of stachys lavandulifolia (lamiaceae) are used in iranian folk medicine as remedies for the treatment of various painful and inflammatory diseases. for evaluation of its probable analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, hydroalcoholic, polyphenolic and boiled extracts of the aerial parts of the herb were prepared and their analgesic effects were studied i...