The cyclic ladder graph CLn is the Cartesian product of cycles Cn and paths P2, that CLn=Cn×P2, (n≥3). di-forcing polynomial a binary enumerative all perfect matching forcing anti-forcing numbers. In this paper, we derive recursive formulas for by classifying counting cases associated edges given vertex, from which obtain number matching, polynomials, generating function computing some polynomi...

The focus of this paper is on spatial precoding in correlated multi-antenna channels, where the number of independent data-streams is adapted to trade-off the data-rate with the transmitter complexity. Towards the goal of a low-complexity implementation, a structured precoder is proposed, where the precoder matrix evolves fairly slowly at a rate comparable with the statistical evolution of the ...

For a connected graph G = (V,E), a set W ⊆ V is called a Steiner set of G if every vertex of G is contained in a Steiner W -tree of G. The Steiner number s(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of its Steiner sets and any Steiner set of cardinality s(G) is a minimum Steiner set of G. For a minimum Steiner set W of G, a subset T ⊆ W is called a forcing subset for W if W is the unique minimum Steine...

The zero forcing number of a graph G is the cardinality of the smallest subset of the vertices of G that forces the entire graph using a color change rule. This paper presents some basic properties of circulant graphs and later investigates zero forcing numbers of circulant graphs of the form C[n, {s, t}], while also giving attention to propagation time for specific zero forcing sets.