Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not generally considered as a cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, several cases of diarrhea caused by P. aeruginosa have been reported. We experienced seven cases of nosocomial diarrhea presumably caused by P. aeruginosa, which was the predominant organism isolated from stool cultures. Clostridium difficile toxin was also positive in one patient. No other...

CONTEXT Keeping in view the recent flooding of the Indian market with antibiotic and probiotic combinations, we decided to look at the prevalence of antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in children and reviewed evidence available for use of probiotics in the prevention of AAD. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We did a PubMed, Medline and Cochrane libary search fo...

Succinate was the major organic acid detected in the hindgut content of pigs suffering from antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea was induced by an oral dose of polymyxin B sulfate (3,000,000 units/day) or an intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin (0.6 g enrofloxacin/day). In the large intestine of enrofloxacin-treated pigs, Gram-negative facultative anaerobic rods phy...

Probiotics are living microbes taken to confer a health benefit on the host. Although probiotics have a long history of use in Europe and Asia and have been on the U.S. market for over 14 years, there is still confusion about how to effectively use them. The use of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and the treatment of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) h...

Clostridium difficile is one of the leading causes of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in health care facilities worldwide. Here, we report the genome sequence of C. difficile strain G46, ribotype 027, isolated from an outbreak in Glamorgan, Wales, in 2006.

Clostridium difficile is a toxin-producing bacterium that is a frequent cause of hospital-acquired and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The incidence, severity, and costs associated with C. difficile associated disease are substantial and increasing, making C. difficile a significant public health concern. The two primary toxins, TcdA and TcdB, disrupt host cell function by inactivating small GT...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common adverse effect of antibiotic (AB) treatment. This study aimed to measure the overall prevalence of AAD (including mild to moderate diarrhea) in hospitalized AB treated patients, to investigate associated risk factors and to document AAD associated diagnostic investigations, contamination control and treatment. METHODS During 8 observ...

Main results 9 trials (1214 patients) met the selection criteria. 2 of the trials studied children. No statistical heterogeneity or publication bias was detected among the 9 trials. The pooled odds ratio (OR) showed that probiotic treatment was more effective than placebo in the prevention of diarrhoea (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.53) (table). 4 trials that used S. boulardii (yeast trials) also f...