introduction: objective: this study aimed to assess the possible variations in root canal anatomy and topography of the apices of first and second maxillary molars. materials and methods: a total of 67 first and second maxillary permanent molars were collected. access cavity was prepared and 2% methylene blue was injected. the teeth were demineralized by 5% nitric acid and cleared with methyl s...

introduction: the ideal endodontic treatment for the teeth with in complete root-ends and necrotic pulps may involve the use of material which forms an immediate apical barrier instead of long term calcium hydroxide therapy. such procedure may lead us to a single appointment endodontic treatment. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic success rate in necrotic...

introduction : the aim of this study was to examine and compare the apical sealing ability of ah26, ah plus and ah plus jet using a fluid filtration model. materials and methods : 70 single-rooted teeth were dissected from the cement-enamel junction. canals were prepared with protaper rotary system and manual k files and irrigated with 5.25% naocl and 17% edta. ten teeth were assigned as contro...

introduction: adequate root canal seal following retreatment is essential for a successful outcome. resilon/epiphany (r/e) obturation system has been introduced as a substitute for conventional gutta-percha/sealer method. this in vitro study compared the amount of apical microleakage of r/e with gutta-percha/ah26 (gp/ah26) sealer as secondary root canal filling following retreatment in human te...

instrument breakage during treatment can lead to serious complications and carries the risk of treatment failure. when a file breaks in the canal, bypassing or removal can be difficult and the long-term prognosis of the tooth may be compromised. sometimes surgery may be indicated for removal of the broken segment. often some part of the root cannot be cleaned because of blockage by the broken f...

accumulation of soft tissue or dentinal remnants in the apical region is a common event that can cause blockage of root canals. this event can be avoided if apical patency is performed during the root canal shaping procedures. however, there is no consensus on the role of apical patency in relation to the success of endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. therefore, th...