Introduction Groundwater supply sustainable yield is herein defined as how much water can be withdrawn from an aquifer system, where and for how long, with acceptable physical, economical, environmental, social, cultural, institutional, and legal consequences. The purpose of this Technical Commentary is to focus on the following technical aspects of groundwater supply sustainable yield that are...

The hydrology and geochemistry of groundwater in tropical island aquifers, such as Barbados, Guam and Puerto Rico, are significantly influenced by tropical climatic conditions. Recharge to these aquifers is the product of regional and local climate patterns that control rainfall. Oxygen isotopes can be used to estimate the amount and timing of recharge on these islands because seasonal fluctuat...

ABSTRACT The French Mediterranean coastal aquifers are essentially alluvial, deep sedimentary and karst. Whereas the alluvial aquifers are particularly sensitive to salt-water intru sion, contamination of the deep aquifers is generally due to vertical hydraulic connec tion with the shallow aquifers. As for the karst systems, which are quite well developed f rom Languedoc-Roussillon to Provence-...

This study presents an approach for obtaining limited sets of realizations of hydraulic conductivity (K) of multiple aquifers using simulated annealing (SA) simulation and spatial correlations among aquifers to simulate realizations of hydraulic heads and quantify their uncertainty in the Pingtung Plain, Taiwan. The proposed approach used the SA algorithm to generate large sets of natural logar...

The groundwater is an important source of drinking water in the Kathmandu Valley, and is presently fulfilling about forty five percent of the total demand of water supply. However, the deteriorating groundwater quality is an emerging issue of concern. In this study attempt has been done to characterize the groundwater for the fate of arsenic and nitrate contaminations. Physico-chemical paramete...

Arsenic contamination of shallow groundwater is among the biggest health threats in the developing world. Targeting uncontaminated deep aquifers is a popular mitigation option although its long-term impact remains unknown. Here we present the alarming results of a large-scale groundwater survey covering the entire Red River Delta and a unique probability model based on three-dimensional Quatern...

CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers is considered a possible option for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic sources. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms, such as convective mixing, that affect the long-term fate of the injected CO2 in deep saline aquifers, is of prime importance. We present scaling analysis of the convective mixing of CO2 in saline aquifers based on...

Evidence is growing that not only allopatric but also sympatric speciation can be important in the evolution of species. Sympatric speciation has most convincingly been demonstrated in laboratory experiments with bacteria, but field-based evidence is limited to a few cases. The recently discovered plethora of subterranean diving beetle species in isolated aquifers in the arid interior of Austra...

Alternative fractional models of contaminant transport lead to a new travel time formula for arbitrary concentration levels. For an evolving contaminant plume in a highly heterogeneous aquifer, the new formula predicts much earlier arrival at low concentrations. Travel times of contaminant fronts and plumes are often obtained from Darcy's law calculations using estimates of average pore velocit...

An alluvial aquifer can be described as a groundwater system, generally unconfined, that is hosted in laterally discontinuous layers of gravel, sand, silt and clay, deposited by a river in a river channel, banks or flood plain. In semi-arid regions, streams that are associated with alluvial aquifers tend to vary from discharge water bodies in the dry season, to recharge water bodies during cert...