pollution of the soil environment with toxic materials from fossil burning, mining and smelting of metalliferous ores, disposal of sewage, fertilizers and pesticides, etc. has increased dramatically since the onset of industrial revolution. application of plants with ability of absorbing heavy metals is a low-cost alternative for eliminating soils from heavy metals. phytoremediation uses plants...

Accurate projections of the future land carbon (C) sink by terrestrial biosphere models depend on how nutrient constraints on net primary production are represented. While nutrient limitation is nearly universal, current models do not have a C cost for plant nutrient acquisition. Also missing are symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi, which can consume up to 20% of net primary production and supply up to...

to investigate the effect of on-farm seed priming and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different amounts of phosphate fertilizer on emergence, yield and yield components of a semi-mid maturity corn hybrid (es-sensor), an experiment was conducted at the research station of agriculture college, bu-ali sina university in 2012 in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications, ...

and inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdmann and Trappe, Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith or Glomus viscosum Nicolson on shoot apical growth of plantlets that had been micropropagated from MM 106 apple (Malus pumila L.) and Mr.S. 2/5 plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) rootstocks. Unfertilized and non-mycorrhizal plantlets showed no apical gro...

—Roots of 15 Mojave Desert plant species were assessed for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization in spring and autumn 1999. Another 19 species were assessed in autumn only. Perennial species were AM colonized, whereas annual species contained very low levels of AM hyphae or were nonmycorrhizal. The nonnative tree Tamarix ramosissima was also nonmycorrhizal. Levels of hyphae changed over the ...

Fires are critical pathways of carbon loss from boreal forest soils, whereas microbial communities form equally critical controls over carbon accumulation between fires. We used a chronosequence in Alaska to test Read’s hypothesis that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi should dominate ecosystems with low accumulation of surface litter, and ectomycorrhizal fungi should proliferate where organic horiz...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF] are soil fungi which form a mutualistic symbiosis with the roots of plants. A variety of benefits to the host have been ascribed to mycorrhizae, most often enhanced uptake of immobile nutrients from the soil, notably P. An understanding of the impacts of agronomic practices upon communities of these fungi would help to ensure an opportunity for the utilization...

Root-knot nematode penetration and morphopathlogy of the infection sites were studied in roots, stem and hypocotyls of Luffa cylindrica, L. and effect of combined inoculation of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) fungi included Glomus mossae, Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, Acaulospora sp. and Meloidogyne incognita (Root-knot Nematode) were investigated. The maximum number and size of...

The regulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal development and nodulation involves complex interactions between the plant and its microbial symbionts. In this study, we use the recently identified ethylene-insensitive ein2 mutant in pea (Pisum sativum L.) to explore the role of ethylene in the development of these symbioses. We show that ethylene acts as a strong negative regulator of nodulation, con...