Induced trench method is a well-known technique usually used to reduce the soil pressure applied on buried pipes. This involves use of lightweight compressible material above pipe increase positive arching, and thus, decrease pipe. However, little efforts have been given by previous studies check applicability using tire-derived aggregate (TDA) as light weight in induced method, where it not cl...

In this paper we propose an extension of the model of Liu, Coppersmith et al. [1, 2], in order to allow for arch formation. This extended model qualitatively captures interesting properties of granular materials due to fluctuations of stress paths, such as stress fluctuations and stick-slip motion.

The observation of failure surfaces within column supported embankments is critical to understanding how the embankment stresses are transferred towards heads. In this study, finite element simulations utilising a strain softening constitutive model, non-local regularisation and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation used examine these over various geometries. This methodology offers insight...