PURPOSE The classic symptoms and signs of carotid cavernous sinus fistula or cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) consist of eye redness, exophthalmos, and gaze abnormality. The angiography findings typically consist of arteriovenous shunt at cavernous sinus with ophthalmic venous drainage with or without cortical venous reflux. In rare circumstances, the shunts are localized outsi...

Spontaneous vertebral arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1) is a rare occurrence in the previous reports. We presented two female NF-1 patients with a diagnosis of cervical vertebral AVF treated with endovascular approach. The fistula in the first case was successfully obliterated by feeder occlusion; whereas, for the second one, new fistulae were formed f...

BACKGROUND The patency of arteriovenous access is important for stable and effective hemodialysis, and long-term technical survival is best achieved with a native arteriovenous fistula (AVF). However, maintaining AVF patency remains a challenge. This study was designed to determine the independent prognostic factors for AVF patency according to hemodialysis duration. METHODS The primary study...

Transitional flow within an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) leads to vascular disease, which can be treated by implanting a stent. Large Eddy Simulations of blood patient-specific AVF revealed the significantly higher turbulent behavior in Stent-absent when compared Stented AVF. This finding provides key understanding reasons behind success this treatment strategy from fluid dynamics perspective.

INTRODUCTION The aims of this study was to evaluate maintenance hemodialysis population in a tertiary care hospital based dialysis unit for vascular access (VA) types, to compare native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and arteriovenous graft (AVG) survival, and to assess risk factors for access failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 182 patients on maintenance hemodialysis were evaluated and f...

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the best permanent access for hemodialysis. Swelling and pain due to thrombosis and infection is common at fistula site. Angiosarcoma is one of rare but important differential diagnosis of these signs. We present a patient on CAPD with angiosarcoma at AVF.

A 41-year-old man presented with consciousness disturbance and right hemiparesis. Computed tomography showed a hematoma in the frontal lobe. Left carotid angiography showed a dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) located in the cranial vault, supplied by the left middle meningeal artery, and drained directly into the cortical vein adjacent to the superior sagittal sinus. Emergency decompressive cra...

A 35-year-old man suffered secondary generalized tonic-clonic convulsions due to a large brain abscess. Neuroimaging incidentally revealed another tumor-like lesion. Cerebral angiography confirmed that the lesion was an unusual giant venous varix associated with a high-flow pial arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and showed one more small arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Pulmonary AVF, which can caus...

Complex multiple arteriovenous fistula (AVF) of the scalp is an extremely rare disease and the traditional treatment is either endovascular embolization or surgical resection with preoperative endovascular embolization. Here, a 34-year-old male with pulsating mass and multiple tortuous vessels in front of the left tragus and scalp who was diagnosed as complex multiple arteriovenous fistula of t...